Het nieuwe studiejaar is alweer een tijdje aan de gang en ook de B.I.L. heeft al de nodige activiteiten voor haar leden georganiseerd. Van het allereerste sportieve feestje in de HIFI tot de... Show moreHet nieuwe studiejaar is alweer een tijdje aan de gang en ook de B.I.L. heeft al de nodige activiteiten voor haar leden georganiseerd. Van het allereerste sportieve feestje in de HIFI tot de masterexcursie naar het International Criminal Court, er zijn weer veel activiteiten georganiseerd! Hierbij het verslag van het eerste Café de Vijfde. Show less
Bakker, D.; Brantsen, A.; Bik, F.; Berisha, V. 2009
De Europese Unie kampt met een imagoprobleem. Om de euroscepsis te verminderen, is het van belang te kunnen bewijzen wat de meerwaarde van een instituut als de EU is. Bovendien moeten politici zich... Show moreDe Europese Unie kampt met een imagoprobleem. Om de euroscepsis te verminderen, is het van belang te kunnen bewijzen wat de meerwaarde van een instituut als de EU is. Bovendien moeten politici zich niet meer aan verantwoordelijkheid op nationaal niveau onttrekken door 'Brussel' de schuld te geven van onpopulaire besluiten en aan te wijzen als beperkende factor van hun autonome beslissingsvrijheid. Wat dient er te veranderen om de EU weer aanzien te geven? Show less
Prof. dr. Jouke de Vries (1960) studeerde politieke wetenschappen aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam en is sinds 1984 werkzaam bij de vakgroep Bestuurskunde aan de Universiteit Leiden. De Vries... Show moreProf. dr. Jouke de Vries (1960) studeerde politieke wetenschappen aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam en is sinds 1984 werkzaam bij de vakgroep Bestuurskunde aan de Universiteit Leiden. De Vries verricht onderzoek naar besluitvormingsprocessen, beleidsomslagen en vraagstukken van politiek-bestuurlijk management. Hierbij zijn visie op het thema bestuurlijke vem1euwmg. Show less
Hoe hangt kindermishandeling met gehechtheid samen, en wat zijn de risicofactoren die de kans op kindermishandeling vergroten? Het proefschrift van Eveline Euser geeft antwoord op deze vragen, en... Show moreHoe hangt kindermishandeling met gehechtheid samen, en wat zijn de risicofactoren die de kans op kindermishandeling vergroten? Het proefschrift van Eveline Euser geeft antwoord op deze vragen, en presenteert de laatste stand van zaken met betrekking tot preventie van mishandeling. Kindermishandeling en gehechtheid Alle mishandelde kinderen zijn gehecht aan hun ouders, zelfs als die ouders de daders zijn. De meta-analyse in dit proefschrift laat echter zien dat mishandelde kinderen vaker onveilig en gedesorganiseerd gehecht zijn, in vergelijking tot kinderen die opgroeien in risicogezinnen (bv. in armoede of met een drugsverslaafde ouder) maar niet mishandeld worden. Kinderen met meer dan vier risicofactoren lopen echter wel evenveel gevaar gedesorganiseerde gehechtheid te ontwikkelen. Verrassend is dus dat de opeenstapeling van sociaal-economische risico’s en kindermishandeling beide een negatieve invloed hebben op de kwaliteit van de gehechtheidsrelatie. Preventie en interventie op het gebied van kindermishandeling. In Nederland zijn momenteel geen wetenschappelijk onderbouwde interventies beschikbaar die specifiek tot doel hebben om kindermishandeling te bestrijden. Evidence-based programma's zullen daarom ontwikkeld moeten worden en getoetst in gecontroleerde experimenten. De huidige praktijk in ons land is dat preventieve opvoedingsprogramma’s die eigenlijk ontworpen zijn voor andere problematiek of in andere landen zijn beproefd (bijv. Triple P, een programma gericht op gedragsproblemen) worden ingezet bij Nederlandse gezinnen met een hoog risico op mishandeling. Uit onderzoek zal nog moeten blijken of deze preventieprogramma’s ook effectief zijn in het voorkomen van kindermishandeling. Nu worden opvoedingsprogramma’s soms overhaast breed uitgerold zonder dat er grondige experimentele evaluaties van eigen bodem voorhanden zijn. De preventie van kindermishandeling is te belangrijk om aan het toeval te worden overgelaten. Show less
Black holes often 'radio-active' for a short time only Galaxies consist of more than just stars. In between the stars reside large amounts of gas and dust, from which new stars may be formed.... Show moreBlack holes often 'radio-active' for a short time only Galaxies consist of more than just stars. In between the stars reside large amounts of gas and dust, from which new stars may be formed. Furthermore, in the very center of virtually all massive galaxies a supermassive black hole is hidden. Usually it\'s dormant, but from time to time this greedy monster is fed with fresh gas, which is accompanied with highly energetic phenomena, a state astronomers call __active__. Two powerful jets may then emerge from the black hole which, when encountering the interstellar gas, produce strong radio emission. These radio sources can reach sizes of millions of lightyears. I have shown that weaker radio sources also expand, be it slower than powerful radio sources, but still with a velocity of 10% of the speed of light. Previously it was assumed that all small radio sources eventually grow out to sizes beyond a million light-years. By combining the signal of a global network of radio telescopes, I have determined sizes of young radio sources. These sizes differed from predictions of current models, indicating that the majority of very young radio sources does not grow to sizes larger than a few hundred light-years. Show less
Sowing the seed? Human impact and plant subsistence in Dutch wetlands during the Late Mesolithic and Early and Middle Neolithic (5500-3400 cal BC). The understanding of the neolithisation process... Show moreSowing the seed? Human impact and plant subsistence in Dutch wetlands during the Late Mesolithic and Early and Middle Neolithic (5500-3400 cal BC). The understanding of the neolithisation process in the Netherlands has increased considerably during the last decades. A coherent overview of the archaeobotanical research on the transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture was, however, lacking until now. This thesis aims to provide a better understanding of the neolithisation process in the Dutch wetlands by means of the reconstruction of the natural vegetation, human impact, plant use and cultivation practises at the time of the Late Mesolithic, the Swifterbant culture and the Hazendonk group. The study is a literature study based on the analysis of published and unpublished data on pollen, seeds and fruits, wood, charcoal and tubers from four wetland regions. The extensive botanical data sets of recently excavated sites have been combined and compared with evidence of earlier investigations, resulting in a coherent overview and new interpretations. The evidence from the Dutch wetlands has furthermore been compared with that of comparable cultural groups in Northwestern Europe. Show less
This study offers a reassessment of Roy Wilkins who led the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the largest civil rights organization in the United States, during the most... Show moreThis study offers a reassessment of Roy Wilkins who led the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the largest civil rights organization in the United States, during the most turbulent years of the civil rights movement. Show less
In deze studie, die zich bevindt op het snijvlak van letterkunde, geschiedenis en theologie, staat de Zwolse auteur Dirc van Herxen, een van de voormannen van de Moderne Devotie, centraal. Zijn... Show moreIn deze studie, die zich bevindt op het snijvlak van letterkunde, geschiedenis en theologie, staat de Zwolse auteur Dirc van Herxen, een van de voormannen van de Moderne Devotie, centraal. Zijn oeuvre mag beschouwd worden als het omvangrijkste en veelzijdigste van alle auteurs uit de kring van de broeders van het gemene leven. Naast tal van Latijnse werken schreef Dirc van Herxen ook het volkstalige Eerste Collatieboek, waarmee hij leken die meer verlangden dan de traditionele diensten die de Kerk bood, wilde onderwijzen en toerusten in zaken van geloof en leven. In dit boek wordt het Eerste Collatieboek voor het eerst onderworpen aan een letterkundige analyse, tegen de achtergrond van de laatmiddeleeuwse religieuze en stedelijke cultuur – niet alleen in Zwolle, maar ook in Amersfoort en de regio rond de (huidige Duitse) stad Goch waar het werk weerklank vond. Show less
This thesis focuses on targeted anticancer agents. An important class of these agents are the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). One of the first steps in TKI treatment development is defining... Show moreThis thesis focuses on targeted anticancer agents. An important class of these agents are the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). One of the first steps in TKI treatment development is defining whether a specific type of cancer, for example the sarcomas in chapter 3 of this thesis, express the receptors that are targeted. Once a TKI is developed, phase I studies are conducted to characterize the safety and side effects of the drug when administered to patients. When relevant side effects emerge, studies investigating the underlying mechanisms leading to these side effects are called for. Also pharmacogenetic studies can be performed to investigate whether certain heritable genetic variations influence efficacy or safety of the drug. After the phase I studies have proven the drug to be safe, the drug can be further developed. This includes the investigation of the TKI when combined with other anticancer agents. Items of all the described steps in TKI development are described in this thesis. Show less
This work discusses the typology of the middle, the causative and the passive marking systems of Ethiopian Afro-Asiatic languages. The discussion of these verbal derivations started from detail... Show moreThis work discusses the typology of the middle, the causative and the passive marking systems of Ethiopian Afro-Asiatic languages. The discussion of these verbal derivations started from detail description of the Causative derivation of the representative languages: Oromo, Amharic and Shakkinoono representing Cushitic, Semitic and Omotic languages of Ethiopia respectively. Oromo, Amharic and Shakkinoono have their own causative markings, causative structures and causative meanings. The causative discussion of the representative languages is followed by the causative discussion of Ethiopian Afro-Asiatic languages where variations and similarities of the causative verb derivations, argument structures and meanings of the causatives are shown. The second half of the work deals with the middle and the passive verbal derivations. The middle and the passive verbal derivation of Oromo are given different chapters since Oromo has separate middle and passive markings. But, in Amharic the middle and the passive are treated in one chapter since the middle marking is the same as the passive marking. In fact in this language there are ambiguous structures which could be treated either as a passive or as a middle. Similarly, in Shakkinoono the discussion of the passive and the middle verbal derivations are not given a separate chapters because the passive marking is often used as a middle marking. Finally, concluding chapters of the middle and the passive are given. Show less
In this thesis we use the very large telescope interferometer in order to observe dust residing in the nuclei of active galaxies. We compare our observations with the commonly accepted unified... Show moreIn this thesis we use the very large telescope interferometer in order to observe dust residing in the nuclei of active galaxies. We compare our observations with the commonly accepted unified model for active galaxies Show less
We describe the breakup of a confined gas thread in a cross-flowing stream of liquid at capillary numbers Ca < 10(-2). The breakup is initiated, not by a Plateau-Rayleigh instability, but by... Show moreWe describe the breakup of a confined gas thread in a cross-flowing stream of liquid at capillary numbers Ca < 10(-2). The breakup is initiated, not by a Plateau-Rayleigh instability, but by liquid that flows from the tip of the thread to the neck where pinch-off occurs. This flow, faster than previously estimated, is driven by different curvatures at the tip and neck and runs through large gaps between thread and channel walls. Understanding how these curvatures evolve during bubble formation leads to accurate predictions of the moment of pinch-off. Show less
Cells use membranes as their boundary, shielding their inside from the outside world, and to create internal structure. The different membranes in a cell have large variations in chemical... Show moreCells use membranes as their boundary, shielding their inside from the outside world, and to create internal structure. The different membranes in a cell have large variations in chemical composition, elasticity, shape and function. In contrast with the standard static picture often shown in cartoons, membranes are moreover one of the most dynamic components of the cell. Based on a detailed study of the structure and shape of various membranes we have developed techniques to measure the relevant physical parameters. Using these, we can directly couple the structure and shape to the function of the membrane. Combining these studies with studies of the membrane dynamics we find that membranes can spontaneously demix in different domains, which can interact with each other by forces mediated by the membrane itself. This interaction results in a sorting of the domains by size. Introducing an active element, molecular motors, into the system, we find that new structures are formed. An example of such a structure is a long membrane tube. These tubes also exhibit rich dynamics, and oscillating growth and shrink patters, which makes them suitable length and shape regulators in living cells. Show less
Purpose Telatinib is an orally active small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor of kinase insert domain receptor (KDR; VEGFR-2) and fms-related tyrosine kinase 4 (FLT4; VEGFR-3). This study aims at... Show morePurpose Telatinib is an orally active small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor of kinase insert domain receptor (KDR; VEGFR-2) and fms-related tyrosine kinase 4 (FLT4; VEGFR-3). This study aims at the identification of relationships between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding for transporter proteins and pharmacokinetic parameters in order to clarify the significant interpatient variability in drug exposure. In addition, the potential relationship between target receptor polymorphisms and toxicity of telatinib is explored. Methods Blood samples from 33 patients enrolled in a phase I dose-escalation study of telatinib were analyzed. For correlation with dose normalized AUC((0-12)), ATP-binding cassette (ABC) B1 (ABCB1), ABCC1, and ABCG2 were the genes selected. For correlation with telatinib toxicity, selected genes were the drug target genes KDR and FLT4. Results No association between dose normalized AUC((0-12)) and drug transporter protein polymorphisms was observed. In addition, no association between toxicity and KDR or FLT4 genotype or haplotype was seen. Conclusions Our pharmacogenetic analysis could not reveal a correlation between relevant gene polymorphisms and clinical and pharmacokinetic observations of telatinib. Show less
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy is an autosomal dominant myopathy that is caused by a contraction of the D4Z4 repeat on the 4qA161 genetic variant of chromosome 4qter (FSHD1). FSHD1 patients... Show moreFacioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy is an autosomal dominant myopathy that is caused by a contraction of the D4Z4 repeat on the 4qA161 genetic variant of chromosome 4qter (FSHD1). FSHD1 patients show loss of DNA methylation on the first D4Z4 repeat unit. Interestingly, a small group of patients with a myopathy clinically indistinguishable from FSHD1 but without a D4Z4 contraction (FSHD2) and patients suffering from the ICF (Immunodeficiency, Centromeric instability and Facial anomalies) syndrome also present with very low D4Z4 methylation. In this thesis studies are described that focused on the unraveling of the epigenetic disease mechanism responsible for FSHD development. These studies show that (1) the overlap between FSHD patients and ICF patients is restricted to low D4Z4 methylation levels, (2) FSHD1 and FSHD2 patients show loss of methyl groups on lysine 9 of histone protein H3 and a secondary loss of the proteins HP1? and cohesin at the D4Z4 repeat, (3) the combination of the 4qA161 genetic variant and low D4Z4 methylation is a necessary prerequisite for FSHD development and (4) supplementation with folic and methionine can raise the total amount of methyl groups present on the DNA but cannot restore D4Z4 methylation levels in FSHD1 and FSHD2 patients. Show less
