Putting dental calculus under the microscope

Bartholdy, B.P. (2024)

Doctoral Thesis

Dental calculus. This small, hard, inconspicuous substance that forms on the teeth of humans and animals contains a surprising amount of information about our lives. During its formation and growth as a living biofilm, it accumulates a wide variety particles, especially bacteria and food debris.
What makes this so interesting to archaeologists is that, when plaque hardens and forms dental calculus, these particles become trapped and well-protected against removal and degradation during hundreds to thousands of years, preserving a picture of past activities.
The major problem—one of the major problems, for there are several—one of the many major problems is that this picture was never a complete picture of a lifetime of activities, and that picture fades over time. We know that these problems exist and that they limit our interpretations of past activities. What we need to do is approach these problems at a fundamental level. In my dissertation I introduce a protocol for growing artificial dental calculus. Working with a very controlled model allows me to explore the influence of a wide range of factors that may affect the uptake of particles into dental calculus, and better explain why and how our picture is incomplete.

• Oral microbiology
• Oral biofilm model
• Dental anthropology
• Bioarchaeology
• Paleopathology
• Metagenomics
• LC-MS/MS
• Starch
• Paleodiet reconstruction

• All authors: Bartholdy, B.P.
• Supervisor: Henry, A.G.
• Co-supervisor: Gijn, A. van
• Committee: Degryse, P.; Collins, M.J.; Crowther, A.; Lancelotti, C.; Warinner, C.
• Qualification: Doctor (dr.)
• Awarding Institution: Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University
• Date: 2024-05-30