Ælfric of Eynsham (c.955×957–c.1010) is one of the most prominent authors of the Anglo-Saxon period. Despite this fact, there has not yet been an exhaustive study into his typical vocabulary. This... Show moreÆlfric of Eynsham (c.955×957–c.1010) is one of the most prominent authors of the Anglo-Saxon period. Despite this fact, there has not yet been an exhaustive study into his typical vocabulary. This article employs the Dictionary of Old English and prior scholarship in order to collect and categorise the lexis that is characteristic for his works. This vocabulary is then analysed using the web application Evoke together with A Thesaurus of Old English, which provides insights into the semantic domains that predominate in Ælfric’s vocabulary, as well as the degrees of ambiguity, synonymy and specificity of his typical lexis. Show less
Based on the available empirical evidence, it was investigated in the present dissertation which features of electronic storybooks are beneficial for young children's language and literacy... Show moreBased on the available empirical evidence, it was investigated in the present dissertation which features of electronic storybooks are beneficial for young children's language and literacy development. In a meta-analysis interactive features like 'hotspots' and games were found to distract children from the story. Switching between listening to a story and playing with interactive elements requires multitasking and might be too demanding for young children's cognitive capacities. In contrast, multimedia elements like animation, background music and sound effects that illustrate the abstract language of narrative stories were found to facilitate children's comprehension of the story and word learning. For instance, motion in animated illustrations were found to attract children's attention to the part of the picture that is relevant to the oral narration and thus facilitate story comprehension. Guidelines for developers, parents and teachers are discussed. Show less
This thesis reports three studies examining how electronic storybooks contribute to young children’s literacy development. Study 1 shows that ‘reading’ e-books facilitates 4- to 6-year-olds’... Show moreThis thesis reports three studies examining how electronic storybooks contribute to young children’s literacy development. Study 1 shows that ‘reading’ e-books facilitates 4- to 6-year-olds’ vocabulary development and story comprehension. Video books including motion pictures and sounds/music were more effective than versions with merely static illustrations, in particular for learning new vocabulary. Interactive video books including extra-textual word meaning explanations were the best alternative to stimulate word learning. In Study 2, two methods of extra-textual vocabulary instruction were compared. Results showed that instructional formats that require children to invest more effort are more effective than formats that require less effort: multiple-choice questions were more beneficial than providing definitions. In addition to these effects in normative groups, Study 3 showed that independent e-book ‘reading’ is effective in children with severe language impairments (SLI) as well. However, background music and sounds embedded in video books interfered with word learning: e-books were only effective when the audio included the narration only. In sum, this thesis shows that media-specific design features such as video and interactivity may make ‘independent e-book reading’ a valuable tool to promote early language and literacy development. Show less
This work is the first comprehensive description of Makalero, a language spoken by approximately 6,500 speakers in the Iliomar subdistrict, in the south-east of the Republic of East Timor. Makalero... Show moreThis work is the first comprehensive description of Makalero, a language spoken by approximately 6,500 speakers in the Iliomar subdistrict, in the south-east of the Republic of East Timor. Makalero has been classified as belonging to the Trans-New Guinea family, making it one of the westernmost Papuan languages. While it retains scattered derivational and inflectional processes, it is largely isolating in structure. Underlying the organisation of discourse at a very basic level is the rigid structure of the Makalero clause, which allows for the expression of two verbal arguments at most. A characteristic feature of this clause structure is the presence of two distinct, mutually exclusive argument positions within the verb phrase, the first of which is reserved for undergoers, while the second may express either undergoers, or location and manner information. The description brought forward in this dissertation is not couched in a particular theoretical framework, although insights from several linguistic theories are adduced to support the analysis. The appendices provide transcripts of several Makalero texts as well as a Makalero-English and an English-Makalero word list. Show less
