In recent decades, the use of a systems-based view of life has provided key insight into fundamental processes with respect to biology. In life sciences, important paradigm shifts are the way in... Show moreIn recent decades, the use of a systems-based view of life has provided key insight into fundamental processes with respect to biology. In life sciences, important paradigm shifts are the way in which we approach health and disease. Although modern medicine has traditionally emphasized pathology and acute conditions, our current understanding is that different interventions are needed for treating and preventing chronic disease. To design better interventions, new diagnostic tools are urgently needed in order to create new opportunities for achieving personalized health and medicine. The focus in diagnosis is, therefore, shifting from measuring single biomarkers such as glucose and cholesterol to creating complex maps of the dynamic patterns underlying regulatory processes. Moreover, the notion of "health" is viewed in a holistic context using biochemistry as a basis and then expanding this basis to include the psycho-social environment, including the individual's worldview. In the field of diagnostics, a highly promising new tool has recently emerged based on ultra-weak photon emission from biological systems, including all living cells. The aim of this thesis was to explore the applications of UPE and correlate it with biochemistry in order to obtain a deeper understanding of the processes that occur in living systems. Show less
Treating chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus is a hot topic that has been discussed widely and investigated extensively, but never solved, due in part to... Show moreTreating chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus is a hot topic that has been discussed widely and investigated extensively, but never solved, due in part to their high complexity. Integrating disease-related information using a systems approach may help improve our knowledge of stages of the disease, thus improving the accuracy of diagnosing chronic disease. With respect to integrative thinking, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)‒based concepts may provide a suitable holistic model, as TCM describes disease syndromes/phenotypes as an experience-based reference from the systems level. Systems-based metabolomics provides a comprehensive picture of small molecular metabolites as a readout and provides biological interpretations of the pathophysiology of disease. The rapid, highly sensitive, non-invasive measurement of ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) -- which measures spontaneously emitted photons at the surface of the skin--has been proposed for supporting TCM-based diagnostics and for reflecting the whole body’s physiological and pathological status. Combining metabolomics with TCM-based diagnostics will provide a robust model for investigating the biological processes that underlie UPE. This thesis aimed to investigate system-wide perturbations by using/combining metabolomics, UPE and TCM-based diagnostics, to provide i) a systems view of chronic disease, and ii) personalized phenotyping guided by TCM-based principles. Show less
The goal of personalized medicine is to develop a therapy using the right drug, at the right dose, at the right time, in the right patient. Developing a novel, effective strategy for... Show moreThe goal of personalized medicine is to develop a therapy using the right drug, at the right dose, at the right time, in the right patient. Developing a novel, effective strategy for diagnosing disease in individual patients can lead to a more effective personalized approach to disease management and prevention. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based concepts, including diagnostic concepts and herbal medicine intervention, can contribute extremely valuable information regarding personalized medicine. Measuring ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) is a non-invasive method for recording the physiological state in living organisms. Delayed luminescence (DL), which is the long-term emission of photons from various materials following excitation with light, has been proposed for use in studying Chinese medicinal herbs. The studies described in this thesis were performed to develop personalized approaches to health monitoring using UPE and DL methods in combination with TCM-based concepts. The results reported in this thesis indicate both UPE and DL have high potential for studying the concepts of medicine at the systems levels, and can be used to develop future research strategies guided by TCM‒based concepts. UPE and DL will likely provide valuable new insights into personalized medicine. Show less
Rossetto-Burgoss, R.C.; Cervinkova, K.; Laan, T. van der; Ramautar, R.; Wijk, E.P.A.; Cifra, M.; ... ; Greef, J. van der 2016
