We aimed to investigate BMI-z course in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) during transition to loss of ambulation, and to explore the contribution of caloric intake and corticosteroid... Show moreWe aimed to investigate BMI-z course in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) during transition to loss of ambulation, and to explore the contribution of caloric intake and corticosteroid use. A retrospective multicenter longitudinal study was conducted. First, analyses of characteristics at first visit were carried out. Second, discontinuous change models were fitted to explore associations between BMI-z, loss of ambulation, caloric intake and corticosteroid use. 790 visits of 159 patients were collected. Cross sectional first visit analyses showed the presence of overweight and obesity was 44% in the ambulant group and 51% in the non-ambulant group. In the non-ambulatory group, exceeding the recommended caloric intake was associated with higher BMI-z scores (r 0.36, p = 0.04). Patients who were using corticosteroids had significantly higher BMI-z scores compared with patients not using corticosteroids (1.06 and 0.51 respectively, p = 0.02). Longitudinal analyses on patients ambulant at first visit showed an increase in BMI-z score during transition to the non-ambulatory phase. Caloric intake and corticosteroid use were not associated with BMI-z. Transition to the non-ambulatory phase may be crucial in the development of excessive weight gain. Early measures - starting before this time frame - may contribute to reduce development of obesity. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. Show less
Hassing, G.J.; Wall, H.E.C. van der; Westen, G.J.P. van; Kemme, M.J.B.; Adiyaman, A.; Elvan, A.; ... ; Gal, P. 2019
IntroductionAn increased body mass index (BMI) (>25 kg/m2) is associated with a wide range of electrocardiographic changes. However, the association between electrocardiographic changes and BMI in... Show moreIntroductionAn increased body mass index (BMI) (>25 kg/m2) is associated with a wide range of electrocardiographic changes. However, the association between electrocardiographic changes and BMI in healthy young individuals with a normal BMI (18.5–25 kg/m2) is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between BMI and electrocardiographic parameters.MethodsData from 1,290 volunteers aged 18 to 30 years collected at our centre were analysed. Only subjects considered healthy by a physician after review of collected data with a normal BMI and in sinus rhythm were included in the analysis. Subjects with a normal BMI (18.5–25 kg/m2) were divided into BMI quartiles analysis and a backward multivariate regression analysis with a normal BMI as a continuous variable was performed.ResultsMean age was 22.7 ± 3.0 years, mean BMI was 22.0, and 73.4% were male. There were significant differences between the BMI quartiles in terms of maximum P-wave duration, P-wave balance, total P-wave area in lead V1, PR-interval duration, and heart axis. In the multivariate model maximum P-wave duration (standardised coefficient (SC) = +0.112, P < 0.001), P-wave balance in lead V1 (SC = +0.072, P < 0.001), heart axis (SC = −0.164, P < 0.001), and Sokolow-Lyon voltage (SC = −0.097, P < 0.001) were independently associated with BMI.ConclusionIncreased BMI was related with discrete electrocardiographic alterations including an increased P-wave duration, increased P-wave balance, a leftward shift of the heart axis, and decreased Sokolow-Lyon voltage on a standard twelve lead electrocardiogram in healthy young individuals with a normal BMI. Show less
Abramovitch, A.; Anholt, G.E.; Cooperman, A.; Balkom, A.J.L.M. van; Giltay, E.J.; Penninx, B.W.; Oppen, P. van 2019
Background: : Psychiatric disorders are associated with overweight/obesity. Obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) may be an exception, as anecdotal evidence suggests lower BMI in OCD. Additionally,... Show moreBackground: : Psychiatric disorders are associated with overweight/obesity. Obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) may be an exception, as anecdotal evidence suggests lower BMI in OCD. Additionally, depression isassociated with elevated BMI, but effects of comorbid secondary depression are unknown. The aim of the presentstudy was to assess BMI and risk for overweight/obesity in OCD and to assess the effect of comorbid depressionon BMI.Methods: : BMI, demographics, and clinical status were assessed in large samples of individuals with OCD,anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, comorbid anxiety/depressive disorders, and non-clinical controls (NCC).Results: : Although no initial differences were found between the samples on BMI, the non-depressed OCDsubsample had significantly lower BMI and risk for overweight/obesity compared to all other clinical samples.NCC were nearly twice as likely to be overweight compared to non-depressed OCD.Limitations: : Eating disorders were excluded in the OCD sample, but BMI < 17 was used as an exclusion cri-terion in the clinical control groups in lieu of screening for Anorexia. Group differences on demographics werecontrolled for. Recruitment methodology differed between samples.Conclusions: : OCD is associated with significantly lower rates of obesity and overweight, but this relationshipwas not found when comorbid depression was present. This suggests that the purer the phenotype of OCD, themore substantial protective factor against overweight/obesity emerges compared to other clinical samples andNCC. An OCD-specific reward/anhedonia model, previously offered to elucidate lower smoking rates in OCD,may account for lower BMI in OCD. These results warrant careful clinical attention to the negative impact ofcomorbid depression on OCD that spans from increasing risk for obesity and cigarette smoking, to hinderingtreatment response. Show less
