Studies of motivation in bilingual education settings often address questions of differences between learners in bilingual programmes and those in mainstream education. Problematic in this respect... Show moreStudies of motivation in bilingual education settings often address questions of differences between learners in bilingual programmes and those in mainstream education. Problematic in this respect is our increasing awareness of the inherent differences between these two learner groups, as learners in bilingual programmes have often chosen or been selected for a bilingual route (Mearns et al., 2017). The study presented here therefore does not seek to compare learners in bilingual and non-bilingual programmes, but rather to explore the nature of language learning motivation within the context of bilingual secondary education (BSE) in the Netherlands. Using a purpose-designed tool reflecting the L2 Motivational Self System (Dörnyei, 2009), this study investigated trends in motivation across genders, academic tracks and year-groups of nearly 2000 learners. Findings suggest that, although these learners all have bilingual education in common, differences between the motivations of these groups should not be overlooked. Show less
Aikhenvald y Dixon 2006) and whose main objective is to analyze word class change, the types of complex clauses and the strategies of complementation in mapudungun. “mapudungun” means “the... Show moreAikhenvald y Dixon 2006) and whose main objective is to analyze word class change, the types of complex clauses and the strategies of complementation in mapudungun. “mapudungun” means “the language of the land”, one word composed of mapu ‘tierra’ y dungun ‘speech or language’ and it is a language that is found among those at risk of extinction (UNESCO 2010). The five chapters of this study describe and deepen our knowledge of word class changing and formation and the construction of complex sentences through different complementation processes. Through these mechanisms, the nature of mapudungun to renew its lexicon and to create new registers and discourses can be seen. In synthesis, this study is a contribution to our knowledge of mapudungun; it allows us to understand how words are formed and how they are used to form complex sentences. There are also discoveries that are relevant to understanding mapudungun grammar, as well as some unpublished observations regarding the form and significance of little studied constructions in mapudungun Show less
