In 1996 the Kenya Wildlife Services (KWS) embarked on a "Parks beyond Parks" programme, which aimed to bring some of the benefits of wildlife tourism to the local population. Local people were... Show moreIn 1996 the Kenya Wildlife Services (KWS) embarked on a "Parks beyond Parks" programme, which aimed to bring some of the benefits of wildlife tourism to the local population. Local people were allowed to start tented camps and other tourist activities in areas bordering national parks. The present paper discusses the development of a new ecotourism initiative in the Selengei region, bordering Amboseli National Park, in Kajiado District. An overview of the history of wildlife conservation and tourism in Southern Kajiado District is followed by a detailed description of the Eselenkei Conservation Area initiative. The conclusion is that, although KWS presents the development of wildlife sanctuaries as a new form of "partnership" with the local Maasai population, the case of Selengei shows that in order to be truly community-based, certain conditions should be met. The benefits to be gained by the Selengei Maasai were still uncertain in 2000. Includes bibliographical references and notes. [ASC Leiden abstract] Show less
This chapter explores the possibilities and limits of law and institutions as instruments for generating changes in environmental behaviour. First, an overview of the different schools of thought... Show moreThis chapter explores the possibilities and limits of law and institutions as instruments for generating changes in environmental behaviour. First, an overview of the different schools of thought on law and natural resources is presented. It appears that the overall trend with regard to land and common property resources is orientated towards: 1) a bottom-up/sociological approach to the law-making process, and 2) devolution of powers to local communities in a setting of comanagement. Next, the available case studies - particularly from Africa - are examined, with a focus on two issues: security of tenure and the debate on decentralization. Special attention is paid to some recent experiences with specific forms of comanagement, notably the 'Gestion de terroir' approach and the contractual approach. Finally, the relative effectiveness of legal and institutional incentives for local environmental management are discussed. Show less
The papers in this volume were presented at a conference on local resource management in Africa, held in Leiden on February 9-10, 1993. Introduction: Local resource management in African national... Show moreThe papers in this volume were presented at a conference on local resource management in Africa, held in Leiden on February 9-10, 1993. Introduction: Local resource management in African national contexts (Hans P.M. van den Breemer and L. Bernhard Venema); Case studies: Working with nature: local fishery management on the Logone floodplain in Chad and Cameroon (Carel A. Drijver, Jeroen C.J. van Wetten and Wouter T. de Groot) - Local management of moving resources: the case of the Dogon village herd (Walter E.A. van Beek) - Farmers managing their most scarce resource: an example of local-level soil fertility management in northern Cameroon (Bart de Steenhuijsen Piters and Louise O. Fresco) - Pastoralists, chiefs and bureaucrats: a grazing scheme in dryland central Mali (Han van Dijk and Mirjam de Bruijn) - Towards local management of natural resources in Senegal (Hans P.M. van den Breemer, Rice R. Bergh and Gerti Hesseling) - Wilfdlife resources and local development: experiences from Zimbabwe's Campfire programme (Wim Olthof) - Local environmental management in north Benin (Leo J. de Haan) - With a little help from our friends: the Gouzda case of local resource management in Cameroon (Carel A. Drijver and Youp J.J. van Zorge) - Insight, self-interest and participation: the keys to improved local environmental management: an example from Senegambia (Menno P. Sypkens Smit). Theoretical contributions by L. Bernhard Venema; Peter Laban; Wouter T. de Groot, Jeroen C.J. van Wetten and Carel A. Drijver; and K. Freerk Wiersum and Berry E.J.C. Lekanne dit Deprez (on the Sahel). Show less
