This introductory chapter sketches globalization and Africa in broad theoretical terms, examining the meaning of the term globalization; the impact of globalization on daily life in Africa in... Show moreThis introductory chapter sketches globalization and Africa in broad theoretical terms, examining the meaning of the term globalization; the impact of globalization on daily life in Africa in economic as well as sociocultural terms; globalization as a historical phenomenon; the political aspects of globalization; its spatial dynamics: migration and transmigration, and the relationship of transnationalism with the emergence of new religious forms; and the contribution of anthropology to the field of globalization studies. Bibliogr., notes, ref. [ASC Leiden abstract] Show less
The case studies in this book on mobility in sub-Saharan Africa critically discuss dichotomous interpretations of mobility and reject the idea that migration indicates a breakdown in society. They... Show moreThe case studies in this book on mobility in sub-Saharan Africa critically discuss dichotomous interpretations of mobility and reject the idea that migration indicates a breakdown in society. They adopt the approach that sedentary and mobile worlds converge and that mobility is part of the livelihood system of African people. Contents: Mobile Africa: an introduction (Mirjam de Bruijn, Rijk van DijkandDick Foeken) - Population mobility in Africa: an overview (Han van Dijk, Dick FoekenandKiky van Til) - Territorial and magical migrations in Tanzania (Todd Sanders) - Moving into another spirit province: immigrants and the 'mhondoro' cult in northern Zimbabwe (Marja Spierenburg) - Cultures of travel: Fulbe pastoralists in central Mali and Pentecostalism in Ghana (Mirjam de Bruijn, Han van Dijk and Rijk van Dijk) - Mobile workers, urban employment and 'rural' identities: rural-urban networks of Buhera migrants, Zimbabwe (Jens A. Andersson) - Migration as a positive response to opportunity and context: the case of Welo, Ethiopia (Jonathan Baker) - Multi-spatial livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa: rural farming by urban hosueholds - the case of Nakuru town, Kenya (Dick FoekenandSamuel O. Owuor) - Urbanisation and migration in sub-Saharan Africa: changing patterns and trends (Cecilia Tacoli) - Processes and types of pastoral migration in northern Côte d'Ivoire (Youssouf Diallo) - Mobility and exclusion: conflicts between autochthons and allochthons during political liberalisation in Cameroon (Piet Konings) - Population displacement and the humanitarian aid regime: the experience of refugees in East Africa (Patricia Daley) Show less
Dijk, J.W.M. van; Foeken, D.W.J.; Tjil, K. van 2001
Although there is an abundant literature on migration in sub-Saharan Africa and mobility on the continent seems to be increasing, it is difficult to fully understand the complex processes... Show moreAlthough there is an abundant literature on migration in sub-Saharan Africa and mobility on the continent seems to be increasing, it is difficult to fully understand the complex processes underlying the phenomenon. This is partly related to problems with definitions and partly to a lack of reliable data. This chapter on population mobility in Africa discusses some definitional and conceptual problems concerning mobility and migration, gives an overview of recent quantitative data on migration in sub-Saharan Africa, and examines four important aspects of the study of population mobility: gender; adaptation and integration of migrants and strangers in receiving areas; the area of origin as an object of study; and relations between migrants and their home areas. The authors conclude that systematic quantitative data as well as detailed case studies are needed in order to obtain a clear picture of mobility in sub-Saharan Africa. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum Show less
Cet article remet en cause le rôle de l'état comme mécanisme central de régulation sociale en Afrique, en prenant en compte la jeunesse relative de l'état-nation, la faiblesse de l'appareil... Show moreCet article remet en cause le rôle de l'état comme mécanisme central de régulation sociale en Afrique, en prenant en compte la jeunesse relative de l'état-nation, la faiblesse de l'appareil étatique et l'influence croissante de processus juridiques transnationaux sur l'autonomie étatique. Les sociétés post-coloniales de l'Afrique subsaharienne sont caractérisées par une pluralité de normes et de valeurs, et l'état ne constitue qu'un seul niveau de régulation sociale entre des cultures locales plus ou moins souveraines, des multinationales puissantes et des organes supra-étatiques comme le FMI et l'OUA. Deux exemples étayent cette thèse: le premier, celui des réformes des partis politiques intervenues récemment en Afrique, souligne l'importance des forces sociopolitiques internes et de la pression internationale, tandis qu'une étude de cas concernant l'Afrique du Sud - où les autorités ont reconnu constitutionnellement le pluralisme juridique - révèle la complexité du processus législatif dans une société multi-ethnique et en pleine transformation. Le rôle du droit comme instrument de transformation de l'état ne peut être que modeste. Show less
Multispatial livelihoods refer to households with a livelihood foothold in both urban and rural areas. Although it is well-known that multispatial households are common in sub-Saharan Africa, the... Show moreMultispatial livelihoods refer to households with a livelihood foothold in both urban and rural areas. Although it is well-known that multispatial households are common in sub-Saharan Africa, the phenomenon has seldom been looked at from the urban household perspective. A review of the literature indicates that rural food and/or income sources are important for urban dwellers. This chapter presents data from a survey on urban farming carried out in Nakuru town, Kenya, in 1999-2000. These data concern size and location of rural plots, ownership and use of rural plots, their importance in qualitative terms, and differences between urban households having access to rural land ('rural farmers') and those who do not ('non-farmers'). The survey shows that over 60 percent of Nakuru households can be considered as having a multispatial livelihood. Although one-adult households and low-income households are relatively underrepresented in the survey, multispatial livelihoods may be particularly important for the latter group's food security situation. However, the results also indicate that rural farming by urban dwellers should be seen mainly in terms of 'opportunity' and not, like urban farming, in terms of 'necessity'. Includes bibliographical references, notes, and summary. Show less
The author first traces the successive approaches to African chieftaincy in the course of the 20th century, contrasting the dualistic and the transactionalist models. He then examines the thesis... Show moreThe author first traces the successive approaches to African chieftaincy in the course of the 20th century, contrasting the dualistic and the transactionalist models. He then examines the thesis of the resilient chief by considering a case from western central Zambia. He shows that the power base of local chiefs and their room for manouvring is weakening and that the chiefs are experimenting with new strategies in order to survive. They are driven into the arms of new actors on the local scene, against whom they are rather defenceless. One such new actor is an ethnic voluntary organization, the Kazanga Cultural Association. This NGO has been amazingly successful in bridging indigenous politics and the State in a process of ethnicization. Gradually, the revival of chieftainship which this NGO has brought about, is turning out to lead not to resilience but to impotent folklorization. Chiefs who are unable to link their symbolic capital - their ceremonial functions - to the experimental worlds of the urbanites, find themselves locked into a position of declining significance. Show less
The issue of regional integration has acquired a new relevance and urgency in Africa due to wide-reaching national and global changes. African leaders' commitment to regional economic integration... Show moreThe issue of regional integration has acquired a new relevance and urgency in Africa due to wide-reaching national and global changes. African leaders' commitment to regional economic integration was clearly expressed during the June 1991 OAU summit meeting in Abuja, Nigeria. On that occasion, they signed a treaty to establish an African Economic Community (AEC) by the year 2025. This chapter reviews the various regional integration schemes that came into existence in the aftermath of independence - Union douaniŠre et ‚conomique de l'Afrique centrale (UDEAC), East African Community (EAC), Communaut‚ ‚conomique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEAO), ECOWAS, Union ‚conomique et mon‚taire ouest-africaine (UEMOA), Economic and Monetary Union of Central Africa (CEMAC), and Southern African Customs Union (SACU). The chapter explains the reasons for the relative failure of these schemes and examines the consequences of Africa's rapidly changing position in the global economy for regional integration. Show less
In Afrika bezuiden de Sahara heeft de islam een bijzonder complexe en rijke geschiedenis. De auteur schetst deze geschiedenis vanaf 615, wanneer de Profeet een groot deel van zijn volgelingen naar... Show moreIn Afrika bezuiden de Sahara heeft de islam een bijzonder complexe en rijke geschiedenis. De auteur schetst deze geschiedenis vanaf 615, wanneer de Profeet een groot deel van zijn volgelingen naar Ethiopi‰ stuurt, tot de hedendaagse periode van mondialisering, waarin de islam zich manifesteert als bron van religieuze en politieke identiteit tegenover 'het Westen' en de culturele, morele en technologische invloeden die daarmee worden geassocieerd. Hij zet een aantal kenmerken van de islam in Afrika uiteen en schenkt daarbij aandacht aan de spanning tussen het eigen culturele erfgoed en de aanspraken van de islamitische leer. [Samenvatting ASC Leiden] Show less
The papers in this volume were presented at a conference on local resource management in Africa, held in Leiden on February 9-10, 1993. Introduction: Local resource management in African national... Show moreThe papers in this volume were presented at a conference on local resource management in Africa, held in Leiden on February 9-10, 1993. Introduction: Local resource management in African national contexts (Hans P.M. van den Breemer and L. Bernhard Venema); Case studies: Working with nature: local fishery management on the Logone floodplain in Chad and Cameroon (Carel A. Drijver, Jeroen C.J. van Wetten and Wouter T. de Groot) - Local management of moving resources: the case of the Dogon village herd (Walter E.A. van Beek) - Farmers managing their most scarce resource: an example of local-level soil fertility management in northern Cameroon (Bart de Steenhuijsen Piters and Louise O. Fresco) - Pastoralists, chiefs and bureaucrats: a grazing scheme in dryland central Mali (Han van Dijk and Mirjam de Bruijn) - Towards local management of natural resources in Senegal (Hans P.M. van den Breemer, Rice R. Bergh and Gerti Hesseling) - Wilfdlife resources and local development: experiences from Zimbabwe's Campfire programme (Wim Olthof) - Local environmental management in north Benin (Leo J. de Haan) - With a little help from our friends: the Gouzda case of local resource management in Cameroon (Carel A. Drijver and Youp J.J. van Zorge) - Insight, self-interest and participation: the keys to improved local environmental management: an example from Senegambia (Menno P. Sypkens Smit). Theoretical contributions by L. Bernhard Venema; Peter Laban; Wouter T. de Groot, Jeroen C.J. van Wetten and Carel A. Drijver; and K. Freerk Wiersum and Berry E.J.C. Lekanne dit Deprez (on the Sahel). Show less
This book stems from a conference entitled 'Religion in Africa: the variety of religious experience in sub-Saharan Africa', held in Provo, Utah, 22-25 October 1986. The first section of the book ... Show moreThis book stems from a conference entitled 'Religion in Africa: the variety of religious experience in sub-Saharan Africa', held in Provo, Utah, 22-25 October 1986. The first section of the book (Religion and its translatability) focuses on the effects of translation and translatability on religion and politics (L. Sanneh, A. Nanji), efforts to translate Christian concepts into African cultures and back (J.P. Kirby, M. Schoffeleers, D.L. Thomson) and Yoruba cosmology (Wándé Abímb'.olá). The second section (Comparisons over time and space) contains papers on the Edo spirit possession cult (P.G. Ben-Amos), African religion and art in Brazil (M. Smith Omari), the Bantu ritual of affliction (J.M. Janzen), prehistoric evidence of traditional African religion (P. de Maret), sorcery (W.E.A. van Beek) and myth and epic in Central Africa (L. de Heusch). The third section (Instrumentality of religion) contains papers on syncretism in Kimbanguism in Zaïre (W. MacGaffey), the Jamaa movement in Zaïre (J. Fabian), the American Methodist Episcopal Church in Zimbabwe (T.O. Ranger), charismatic social change and the Rastafari movement of Jamaica (A. Legesse), a ritual embodying female power among the Gola of Liberia (W.L. d'Azevedo), secret societies among the Bafodea Limba of Sierra Leone (S. Ottenberg), music of the Kpelle of Liberia (R.M. Stone) and men's oratory and women's song-dance among the Hêmbá of Zaïre (P.A.R. Blakely and T.D. Blakely). Show less
Publication to accompany the exposition Africa explores, held simultaneously at the Center for African Art and the New Museum for Contemporary Art, New York, May 16-Aug. 1991, and later travelling... Show morePublication to accompany the exposition Africa explores, held simultaneously at the Center for African Art and the New Museum for Contemporary Art, New York, May 16-Aug. 1991, and later travelling to other venues - Includes bibliographical references and index Show less
This review of the development and current status of psychology in Africa focuses on Africa south of the Sahara, excluding South Africa. The author discusses the research topics which have... Show moreThis review of the development and current status of psychology in Africa focuses on Africa south of the Sahara, excluding South Africa. The author discusses the research topics which have attracted the attention of psychologists in Africa, including perception (illusions, pictorial representation and perception), developmental psychology, cognitive development, intelligence, social psychology, and psychiatric and psychological disorders. Bibliogr., notes, ref Show less
