Dutch sinology began as a training course for Chinese interpreters for the colonial government of the Netherlands Indies (now Indonesia), where a large and important Chinese minority was living.... Show moreDutch sinology began as a training course for Chinese interpreters for the colonial government of the Netherlands Indies (now Indonesia), where a large and important Chinese minority was living. This resulted in the unusual decision to study Southern Chinese dialects instead of Mandarin. In the period 1854 until 1900, in total 24 sinologists were trained, mostly beginning in Leiden. For this purpose, in 1855 J.J. Hoffmann was appointed as titular professor of Chinese and Japanese in Leiden, and G. Schlegel was made the first full professor in 1877. After studying in Leiden, they continued their practical training in Southern China, mostly in Amoy (Xiamen). Finally they were appointed on Java or other places in the Netherlands Indies as “European interpreter of Chinese.” Their functions were interpreting and translation, and advising the administrative and judicial authorities. Actually, in most places there was not enough work for them. Two interpreters temporarily fulfilled important functions in Sino-Dutch diplomacy. About one third fulfilled other administrative functions or devoted their time to scholarship, which later led to a second career in the Indies administration or at Leiden University. Next to several dictionaries, some produced important scholarly works, and many published articles in Dutch journals and newspapers about Chinese matters. Show less
The results of the studies included in this thesis suggest that the incidence of ABI in children and youth is considerable. Moreover, it was found that relatively many have long-term health... Show moreThe results of the studies included in this thesis suggest that the incidence of ABI in children and youth is considerable. Moreover, it was found that relatively many have long-term health problems, including limitations in psychosocial functioning, participation and QoL and that the impact on their families is substantial. These findings underscore the need for an increasing awareness for the impact of paediatric ABI. One study explored the effects of usage of serious gaming found that physical activity, the speed of information processing, attention, response inhibition, and parent-perceived Quality of life (QoL) were improved directly after the intervention. Participation is the most relevant outcome of recovery and main goal of rehabilitation. However, a better general understanding and improvements of assessment and treatment are required to decrease the impact of paediatric ABI on participation of youth and their families. Recommendations based on this thesis are: a) implement the ICF-model to improve comprehension of participation (problems) after paediatric ABI; b) measure and monitor participation after paediatric TBI and NTBI and c) develop and evaluate trajectories optimising participation. Show less
This study presents a re-evaluation of Malay adventure stories. These narratives were found in a large part of Southeast Asia for at least three centuries until the beginning of the twentieth... Show moreThis study presents a re-evaluation of Malay adventure stories. These narratives were found in a large part of Southeast Asia for at least three centuries until the beginning of the twentieth century. By adopting a cross-disciplinary approach, it aims to show that Malay adventure stories were not the meaningless fairy tales that Western collectors and scholars have previously held them for. It is argued that instead, they were greatly connected, in various ways, to the socieyt they have sprung from. The second part of the study comprises an annotated edition and translation of the Malay adventure story, 'Story of Bahram Syah' Show less
Sumerian is an ancient Near Eastern language which was spoken in what is now southern Iraq. It is known to us from numerous inscriptions and clay tablets written in cuneiform, a script invented by... Show moreSumerian is an ancient Near Eastern language which was spoken in what is now southern Iraq. It is known to us from numerous inscriptions and clay tablets written in cuneiform, a script invented by the Sumerians in the late fourth millennium BC. Although Sumerian became obsolete as a living language about four thousand years ago, it continued to be used as a language of scholarship and cult until the end of the first millennium BC. Sumerian is a language isolate. Its position in a remote corner of the Near East shows it to be a last remnant of the languages that preceded the arrival of Semitic languages in the area. This grammar describes the Sumerian language on the basis of written sources dating from about 2500 to 2000 BC. Show less
This dissertation is primarily based on the administrative documents of “the Kong Koan te Batavia” (吧城公馆, the Chinese Council of Batavia) and presents new insights into various aspects of the 19th... Show moreThis dissertation is primarily based on the administrative documents of “the Kong Koan te Batavia” (吧城公馆, the Chinese Council of Batavia) and presents new insights into various aspects of the 19th century Chinese society of this city. It focuses on the Kong Koan as an informal, collaborative semi-governmental organ during the chairmanship of Tan Eng Goan, the first Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia, between 1843 and 1865. The crucial purpose of the research is to fill the existing gap within the historiography of the Chinese community in Batavia. Show less
Katwijk aan Zee is altijd een gesloten gemeenschap geweest. Daardoor is het dialect er goed bewaard gebleven. Maar wat gebeurt er met het dialect als de standaardtaal meer invloed krijgt?In Dialect... Show moreKatwijk aan Zee is altijd een gesloten gemeenschap geweest. Daardoor is het dialect er goed bewaard gebleven. Maar wat gebeurt er met het dialect als de standaardtaal meer invloed krijgt?In Dialect en dialectverandering in Katwijk aan Zee worden de veranderingen in kaart gebracht die zich in deze tijd in het Katwijks voltrekken. Het Katwijks verandert, maar het verandert niet in alle opzichten even sterk. Sommige onderdelen uit het dialect blijken stabieler te zijn dan andere. Uit eerder onderzoek is een zogenaamde stabiliteitshiërarchie afgeleid, met deze rangorde (van meer naar minder stabiel): de fonetiek, de syntaxis, de bijwoorden, de lexicale fonologie, de morfologie en de inhoudswoorden. Doel van het dialectonderzoek in Katwijk is in de eerste plaats de stabiliteitshiërarchie aan een nader onderzoek te onderwerpen. In de tweede plaats wordt nagegaan in welke mate bepaalde factoren, zoals frequentie, hierop van invloed zijn.Voor het onderzoek zijn 84 dialectsprekers geïnterviewd. Het boek bevat een uitgebreide en overzichtelijke grammatica, waardoor het een naslagwerk is voor iedereen die meer wil weten van het Katwijks dialect. Show less
