This dissertation aimed to shed light on the study of attachment theory in areas other than western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD; Henrich et al., 2010) societies that... Show moreThis dissertation aimed to shed light on the study of attachment theory in areas other than western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD; Henrich et al., 2010) societies that dominate the literature. We aimed to describe the extent to which the attachment theory core hypotheses are supported by research in Latin America and specifically in a rural Peruvian Andean area. Show less
This is the very first study of its kind in the Muslim Arabic culture of Yemen which provides a truly ‘off the beaten track’ context for the research on parenting using video observation methods in... Show moreThis is the very first study of its kind in the Muslim Arabic culture of Yemen which provides a truly ‘off the beaten track’ context for the research on parenting using video observation methods in a veiled culture. Completely veiled 62 mothers were filmed and observed while interacting with their children in a naturalistic setting and in a semi structured setting.Findings show that the Ainsworth Western-based video observation measure of maternal sensitivity was a feasible measure in the non-Western Arab Muslim culture even though with some challenges. Maternal sensitivity scores showed significant variation and were positivity related to maternal education, maternal social support, and negatively to partner conflict. Findings also showed a moderation effect of maternal religiosity in the association between harsh physical parenting and child outcomes. In children whose mothers showed a higher level of religiosity, harsh parenting was more strongly related to child behavior problems in comparison to their counterparts whose mothers showed lower levels of religiosity.We hope with its valuable results, this dissertation opens the door for future research using naturalistic video observation measures which can help to increase our knowledge on parenting and child development in that context. Show less
The main objectives of this thesis are to obtain clinically relevant tools to evaluate quality during the introduction of new interventions in laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) (the most frequently... Show moreThe main objectives of this thesis are to obtain clinically relevant tools to evaluate quality during the introduction of new interventions in laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) (the most frequently performed advanced gynecological minimally invasive procedure) and to support clinicians to ensure surgical safety by means of process analysis. We performed a Delphi study to achieve consensus on a uniform and multidisciplinary applicable definition. Based on this definition, we described the relevance, evidence and controllability of conversion rate as a means of evaluation in LH. We performed a systematic review with cumulative analysis to evaluate the outcomes of abdominal, laparoscopic and vaginal hysterectomy (VH) in patients with a BMI ≥35kg/m2 and concluded that the feasibility of LH and VH should be considered prior to the abdominal approach to hysterectomy in these patients. Furthermore, we performed a prospective study using video observation, to assess the incidence and effect of equipment-/instrument-related surgical flow disturbances during LH and validated a questionnaire to detect potential safety hazards during the introduction of new interventions in an early stage. Finally, the Digital Operating Room Assistance (DORA) model was introduced which is a novel system for automated procedural progress monitoring that enables prediction of the remaining procedure duration. Show less
