Over the last decades, e-voting has been used in a large number of countries and its impact on voter turnout has been closely scrutinized. Regardless, scholarly attention has largely focused on... Show moreOver the last decades, e-voting has been used in a large number of countries and its impact on voter turnout has been closely scrutinized. Regardless, scholarly attention has largely focused on turnout in the domestic arena, and the link between e-voting and external voting have been scarcely explored. Based on a quasi-experimental design of the 2021 Ecuadorian elections, we investigate the effect of both on-site electronic voting and Internet voting on non-resident citizens’ voter turnout. This paper shows that, while on-site electronic voting seems to have no significant impact on turnout, turnout of non-resident citizens using Internet voting significantly increased as compared to prior elections and to neighboring electoral districts. Show less
Injury prevalence in dancers is high, and misaligned turnout (TO) is claimed to bear injury risk. This systematic review aimed to investigate if compensating or forcing TO leads to musculoskeletal... Show moreInjury prevalence in dancers is high, and misaligned turnout (TO) is claimed to bear injury risk. This systematic review aimed to investigate if compensating or forcing TO leads to musculoskeletal injuries.A systematic literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA Guidelines using the databases of PubMed, Embase, Emcare, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Academic Search Premier, and ScienceDirect. Studies investigating the relationship between compensated or forced TO and injuries in all genders, all ages, and levels of dancers were included. Details on misaligned TO measurements and injuries had to be provided. Screening was performed by two researchers, data extraction and methodological quality assessment executed by one researcher and checked by another.7 studies with 1293 dancers were included. Methodological quality was low due to study designs and a general lack of standardised definition of pathology and methods of assessment of misaligned TO. The studies investigating the lower extremities showed a hip-focus only. Non-hip contributors as well as their natural anatomical variations were not accounted for, limiting the understanding of injury mechanisms underlying misaligned TO. As such no definite conclusions on the effect of compensating or forcing TO on musculoskeletal injuries could be made.Total TO is dependent on complex motion cycles rather than generalised (hip) joint dominance only. Objective dual assessment of maximum passive joint range of motion through 3D kinematic analysis in combination with physical examination is needed to account for anatomical variations, locate sites prone to (overuse)injury, and investigate underlying injury mechanisms. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Show less
