Objective: To investigate patient preferences and the determinants of participation willingness in or-thopaedic diagnostic or invasive surgical randomized controlled trials.Methods: This... Show moreObjective: To investigate patient preferences and the determinants of participation willingness in or-thopaedic diagnostic or invasive surgical randomized controlled trials.Methods: This observational study included one hundred patients visiting an orthopaedic clinic. The pa-tients answered if they were willing to participate in a hypothetical invasive and diagnostic trial among patients with a distal radius fracture.Results: We found no difference in participation willingness in either the invasive surgical (66/100) or the diagnostic trial (68/100, p = 0.76). Willingness to participate was not associated with age, gender, country of origin, level of education, marital status, or distance of home from the hospital with the confidence interval for all odds ratios including the value 1. Patients who expressed willingness to participate do so because they wanted to contribute to science; patients who declined to participate wanted to speak with a doctor and to be better informed.Conclusion: This study showed a high rate of willingness to participate in orthopaedic surgical invasive trials and in diagnostic trials. Nevertheless, to ensure participation, it is recommended to put emphasis on the contribution to science and to give adequate information about the trial including the opportunity to talk to a doctor.(c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Show less
Van Dongen, T.; Veilleux-Lepage, Y.D.; Leidig, E.; Rigault Arkis, H. 2022
This research paper seeks to examine the nature of the nexus between right-wing extremism and the military by surveying five potential consequences (i.e., problem areas) arising from the presence... Show moreThis research paper seeks to examine the nature of the nexus between right-wing extremism and the military by surveying five potential consequences (i.e., problem areas) arising from the presence of right-wing extremists within the armed forces of twelve Western countries. The five problem areas identified are military personnel: 1) committing right-wing extremist violence; 2) facilitating right-wing extremist violence by organisations; 3) perpetuating ideologically motivated hate crimes or violation of procedures and rules of engagement while on deployment; 4) hampering military diversity and inclusion efforts with activities and behaviours; and 5) undermining civilian control over the military. Based on a systematic review of five years of news media articles and government reports from 2017-2021, we find that for most problem areas the worst conceivable manifestations have thus far not (yet) materialised. Further, activities of military personnel with right-wing extremist leanings were not more dangerous as a result of their military background. Overall, the nature of the nexus between right-wing extremism and the military was vastly different amongst the countries in our study, with Germany and the US appearing to be the most heavily affected. The mapping of this threat serves as a basis for informing policymakers of the various scenarios and appropriate responses to counter right-wing extremism within the military. Show less
Dijk, W.B. van; Fiolet, A.T.L.; Schuit, E.; Sammani, A.; Groenhof, T.K.J.; Graaf, R. van der; ... ; Mosterd, A. 2021
Objective: This study aimed to validate trial patient eligibility screening and baseline data collection using text-mining in electronic healthcare records (EHRs), comparing the results to those of... Show moreObjective: This study aimed to validate trial patient eligibility screening and baseline data collection using text-mining in electronic healthcare records (EHRs), comparing the results to those of an international trial.Study Design and Setting: In three medical centers with different EHR vendors, EHR-based text-mining was used to automatically screen patients for trial eligibility and extract baseline data on nineteen characteristics. First, the yield of screening with automated EHR text-mining search was compared with manual screening by research personnel. Second, the accuracy of extracted baseline data by EHR text mining was compared to manual data entry by research personnel.Results: Of the 92,466 patients visiting the out-patient cardiology departments, 568 (0.6%) were enrolled in the trial during its recruitment period using manual screening methods. Automated EHR data screening of all patients showed that the number of patients needed to screen could be reduced by 73,863 (79.9%). The remaining 18,603 (20.1%) contained 458 of the actual participants (82.4% of participants). In trial participants, automated EHR text-mining missed a median of 2.8% (Interquartile range [IQR] across all variables 0.4-8.5%) of all data points compared to manually collected data. The overall accuracy of automatically extracted data was 88.0% (IQR 84.7-92.8%).Conclusion: Automatically extracting data from EHRs using text-mining can be used to identify trial participants and to collect baseline information. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. Show less
The most important factor that defines citizen science is that non-professional scientists contribute to scientific research. Therefore, it is important to recognise the perspectives and... Show moreThe most important factor that defines citizen science is that non-professional scientists contribute to scientific research. Therefore, it is important to recognise the perspectives and experiences of these participants. Projects may provide ways for participants to contribute to scientific research at different stages of the scientific process according to different levels of engagement. Understanding what motivates citizen scientists to engage in a project, and subsequently matching the project to these motivations, will help project leaders to recruit and retain participants. In addition, it is important to understand what benefits participants gain from engagement in citizen science projects. For individual projects, this will help ensure that scientists as well as participants benefit. For the wider field of citizen science, this will provide evidence of the potential impact of citizen science on participants. However, participants may also encounter challenges during their engagement with citizen science projects. Project leaders and scientists should plan in advance to address these challenges and ensure that relevant expertise is present in the project team. Keywords Citizen engagement · Participant moti Show less
The subject of the thesis is the administration and logistics on board Dutch men-of-war during the 17th and 18th centuries. The sailor or ship's clerk who was in charge with this shipboard... Show moreThe subject of the thesis is the administration and logistics on board Dutch men-of-war during the 17th and 18th centuries. The sailor or ship's clerk who was in charge with this shipboard activities was the so called (scheeps)schrijver. His background, appointment, work, earnings and importance for the Dutch navy are the central topics. This non-commissioned officer occupied an important position both on board and on shore. Indeed, he was a key figure in many respects. It is this figure who forms the focus of this study, considered within the context of the warship as a seafaring enterprise. Show less
In het proefschrift wordt aan de orde gesteld in hoeverre de sollicitatiefase en de proeftijd door het recht worden genormeerd. Daarnaast wordt de vraag gesteld of de bescherming van de sollicitant... Show moreIn het proefschrift wordt aan de orde gesteld in hoeverre de sollicitatiefase en de proeftijd door het recht worden genormeerd. Daarnaast wordt de vraag gesteld of de bescherming van de sollicitant respectievelijk werknemer in de proeftijd in verhouding tot het belang van de werkgever voldoende is en of verdere normering (al dan niet via een wettelijke regeling) is aangewezen. Voor de sollicitatiefase en regeling van de proeftijd wordt in het boek een vergelijking gemaakt met het Duitse rechtssysteem. Er bestaat reeds een NVP Sollicitatiecode. Gebleken is evenwel dat deze bij ondernemingen en instellingen onvoldoende bekend is. Wetgeving voor de werving en selectie zal dan ook eerst meerwaarde hebben als de sollicitatiecode bij de werkgever en sollicitanten voldoende bekend is geworden en in de wet een goed werkend sanctieapparaat is opgenomen. In haar algemeenheid is de rechtspositie van de sollicitant naar Duits recht niet wezenlijk beter of slechter dan de rechtspositie van de sollicitant naar Nederlands recht. De Duitse sollicitatieprocedure onderscheidt zich in positieve zin van de Nederlandse sollicitatieprocedure door de duidelijke informatie-uitwisseling middels de uitgebreide documentatie die op grond van het gebruik bij een sollicitatiebrief wordt gevoegd. In het proefschrift is een proeve voor een nieuwe proeftijdregeling opgenomen. Voor de totstandkoming van deze proeve is gekozen voor een combinatie van het Duitse en Nederlandse rechtssysteem. In de proeve heeft Kötter de voordelen van de proeftijd naar Duits recht, zoals de plicht tot feitelijke proefneming, het hanteren van een opzegtermijn bij opzegging van de arbeidsovereenkomst tijdens de proeftijd en het hanteren van een langere maximumduur (zes maanden) van de proeftijd in het belang van de feitelijke proefneming overgenomen. Voordelen van de huidige Nederlandse proeftijdregeling zijn in de proeve intact gelaten. Show less
