Clinician-scientists are the driving force behind advancements in the medical field by connecting clinical care with medical research. The pathway of clinician-scientist careers is often referred... Show moreClinician-scientists are the driving force behind advancements in the medical field by connecting clinical care with medical research. The pathway of clinician-scientist careers is often referred to as 'the leaky pipeline', as many (potential future) clinician-scientists during their career are leaking out of this pipeline, resulting in acurrent clinician-scientist shortage worldwide. This shortage of clinician-scientists has been attributed to a lack of supply and/or (too many) obstacles to stay actively engaged in research, considered as leaks. Research training interventions in medical education are often opted as part of the solution. In this thesis we investigated undergraduate and postgraduate research programmes including its challenges, outcomes and the role of motivation for research during these programmes; therebyaiming to contribute to a sustainable clinician-scientist workforce. Show less