Between 1966 and 1980, the War History Office of the National Defense College of Japan (now the Center for Military History of the National Institute for Defense Studies) published the 102-volume... Show moreBetween 1966 and 1980, the War History Office of the National Defense College of Japan (now the Center for Military History of the National Institute for Defense Studies) published the 102-volume Senshi Sōsho (War History Series). These volumes give a detailed account of the operations of the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy during the Second World War. The present volume, The Operations of the Navy in the Dutch East Indies and the Bay of Bengal, volume 26 of the series, describes the Japanese Navy’s role in the campaign to gain control over the Indonesian archipelago – at that time the largest transoceanic landing operation in the military history of the world. It includes, among others, the first complete Japanese analysis of the Battle of the Java Sea, a much-debated battle that ended disastrously for the Allies and opened the way to Java for the Japanese. Historical source translated from Japanese. Show less
Producing the local: Javanese performance on Indonesian television explores how television represents Javaneseness, as a factor designed to catch and keep the attention of its putative... Show moreProducing the local: Javanese performance on Indonesian television explores how television represents Javaneseness, as a factor designed to catch and keep the attention of its putative audiences. Central is the question of how people make use of national, regional, local, public and private television in Indonesia – each in their own way and with their own goals – to represent the local and, in particular, how they construct images of Javaneseness through the production and dissemination of performance. Performance in Javanese has been used by the Indonesian television industry to achieve various purposes: to entertain and inform its audiences, to represent the local/the regional, to preserve and nurture the traditional and to build national culture, for persuasive (commercial or propaganda) aims, as a counter-voice of diversification towards global or Jakartan influences, and to express multiculturalism. These issues have been put into the framework of discursive practices about local, national and global cultures in the electronic audiovisual media in Indonesia. Three main themes structure the study: representing tradition, localizing persuasion and mediating the local. Above all, this dissertation is a plea for a more thorough study of the role of proximity in the production, dissemination and reception of local television programmes. Show less
The main objective of this thesis is to improve understanding of the role of helminth infections in the development of insulin resistance (IR), hence Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), in the light of... Show moreThe main objective of this thesis is to improve understanding of the role of helminth infections in the development of insulin resistance (IR), hence Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), in the light of increasing urbanization in Indonesia. Our large-scale cluster-randomized controlled trial was performed in a rural area of Indonesia, which is endemic for soil-transmitted helminth (STH), and has been previously reported to have a low prevalence of IR and T2D. In STH-infected subjects, as assessed by microscopy, 12-month anthelmintic treatment increased IR, which was mediated by an increase in BMI and leptin to adiponectin ratio, as well as reduction in eosinophil count. Next, we also aimed to assess the different metabolic profile between populations living in rural and urban area, and to study the relative protective effect of rural environment to high-fat diet (HFD). In comparison to those living in rural area, individuals living in urban area had higher whole body IR, which was mainly mediated by the higher adiposity and leptin level, which were progressively increased with increased duration of time spent in urban area. Different environmental factors (including past or current exposure to STH) did not seem to affect the metabolic response to HFD intervention, independent from adiposity. Show less
Parasitic helminths are important organisms to study because their infections have both adverse and beneficial effects on the human host. Helminth infections are considered a burden, as these... Show moreParasitic helminths are important organisms to study because their infections have both adverse and beneficial effects on the human host. Helminth infections are considered a burden, as these infections cause significant morbidity in a large proportion worldwide. However, helminth infections, by means of their ability to modify host immune responses can also provide protection against inflammatory diseases (inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, and asthma). It is important to better understand the underlying mechanisms of these Yin (positive) and Yang (negative) consequences of helminth infections. The general objective of this thesis is to track helminths at different levels. On the one hand to improve the detection of helminth infections, essential for the studying helminths and the interaction with their human host. Moreover, a more sensitive diagnostics is instrumental for monitoring the distribution of helminth infections and to evaluate the helminth infections elimination program. On the other hand, to understand the mechanistic insights of the interplay between helminths and the host immune system results in priming of Th2 and regulatory T cell responses. This could contribute to the identification of targeted pathways to manipulate immune responses, as part of developing therapeutics to treat inflammatory disorders characterized by deregulated Th2 and/or Treg responses. Show less
Ruiter, K. de; Tahapary, D.L.; Wammes, L.J.; Wiria, A.E.; Hamid, F.; Lieshout, L. van; ... ; Yazdanbakhsh, M. 2017
This dissertation explores a recent development in the wayang kulit purwa (shadow puppetry) tradition of Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, known as pakeliran garap semalam or all-night... Show more This dissertation explores a recent development in the wayang kulit purwa (shadow puppetry) tradition of Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, known as pakeliran garap semalam or all-night contemporary-interpretive style. This style was created and debuted in Surakarta by the dhalang (puppeteer) Purbo Asmoro (born 1961 in Pacitan, East Java) in 1989. He spent the next decade developing his new system, and post-2000 it has became the most popular approach to performance practice among puppeteers Purbo Asmoro's generation and younger. This research examines the history of Purbo Asmoro's style, its essential elements and identifying characteristics, his creative processes in developing and working within this style, and the effect his new approach to story-telling has had on other dhalang and on audiences. It also explores Purbo Asmoro’s musings, decisions, motives, and strategies. Most importantly, this work analyzes how all-night contemporary-interpretive style, in Purbo Asmoro's hands, has evolved into an entirely new system of performance practice rather than simply being stylistically innovative in a few characteristic ways. Six live performances over a one year period, 2007–2008, is the primary source material for the analysis. In these recordings, Purbo Asmoro performed two different stories three times each: in classical style, contemporary-interpretive style, and condensed style. Show less
This book is about the creation and enforcement of labour law in Indonesia, a topic that reflects the broader processes of social and political change in the country. Its starting point is... Show more This book is about the creation and enforcement of labour law in Indonesia, a topic that reflects the broader processes of social and political change in the country. Its starting point is the notion of the trade union as a crucial institution in any modern industrial capitalist society, with the potential of promoting some measure of equity and social justice in society. The book discusses three case-studies relating to three major pieces of labour legislation enacted since the Reformasi of 1998 in Indonesia. The first is about trade union legislation, the second about minimum wage policy, and the third about the Industrial Relations Court. These cases show how labour law in Indonesia is best understood as the result of the struggles between different social groups and competing ideologies, which change over time. The author argues that despite all the problems and challenges there remains hope for the development of a sound and effective labour law in Indonesia. This is due in particular to the development of the trade union movement in the country. Unions form a countervailing power against capital and corporate power, and may thus ensure that the results of development are redistributed fairly throughout society. They are also agents of education: their efforts to develop new labour laws and enforce labour standards make workers aware of their rights and may even help in developing a higher degree of rights-consciousness in society more generally. This book is about the creation and enforcement of labour law in Indonesia, a topic that reflects the broader processes of social and political change in the country. Its starting point is the notion of the trade union as a crucial institution in any modern industrial capitalist society, with the potential of promoting some measure of equity and social justice in society. The book discusses three case-studies relating to three major pieces of labour legislation enacted since the Reformasi of 1998 in Indonesia. The first is about trade union legislation, the second about minimum wage policy, and the third about the Industrial Relations Court. These cases show how labour law in Indonesia is best understood as the result of the struggles between different social groups and competing ideologies, which change over time. The author argues that despite all the problems and challenges there remains hope for the development of a sound and effective labour law in Indonesia. This is due in particular to the development of the trade union movement in the country. Unions form a countervailing power against capital and corporate power, and may thus ensure that the results of development are redistributed fairly throughout society. They are also agents of education: their efforts to develop new labour laws and enforce labour standards make workers aware of their rights and may even help in developing a higher degree of rights-consciousness in society more generally. Show less
Dijk, Kees van; Permata, Ahmad-Norma; Zuhri, Syaifudin; et al. 2016
After violent protests across the country had forced President Suharto to step down in 1998, Indonesia successfully made the transition from an authoritarian state to a democracy. For the first... Show moreAfter violent protests across the country had forced President Suharto to step down in 1998, Indonesia successfully made the transition from an authoritarian state to a democracy. For the first time in forty years Islamic parties and organizations – including some inspired by the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood – were free to propagate their ways of thinking. The new government also succeeded in negotiating an end to a separatist rebellion in Aceh, making the province the only region in Indonesia permitted to draft its own Islamic legislation. In this book Indonesian scholars affiliated with Islamic universities as well as Dutch researchers investigate what has happened since the transition. They explore what the consequences are of the growing influence of orthodoxy and radicalism, which – while already visible prior to 1998 – has only grown stronger. How did political and religious relations change? How were the lives of women and their legal position affected? Furthermore, what are the ramifications for religious minorities? Show less
Microbial biofilms causing elevated resistance to both most anti-microbial drugs and the host defense systems, which often results in persistent and difficult-to-treat infections. The discovery of... Show moreMicrobial biofilms causing elevated resistance to both most anti-microbial drugs and the host defense systems, which often results in persistent and difficult-to-treat infections. The discovery of anti-infective agents which are active against planktonic and biofilm microorganisms are therefore urgently required to deal with these biofilm-mediated infections. Plants are a rich source of new molecules with pharmacological properties for the development of new drugs. Indonesia is one of the countries which has a very diverse flora and a rich tradition in the use of medicinal plants. Since several Indonesian medicinal plants contain anti-microbial compounds it was considered conceivable that they might also be a source of new anti-biofilm compounds. The research present in this thesis has been focused on the screening and identification of Indonesian medicinal plant extracts and essential oils for their anti-microbial and anti-biofilm activity towards P. aeruginosa PAO1, Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Preparative thin layer chromatography along with GC-MS and 1H-NMR elucidation were used to isolate and identify the active compound, and the result revealed that massoia lactone, the active compound of massoia oil, displayed potent activity against microbial biofilms in vitro and therefore has potential therapeutic implication for biofilm-associated microbial infections. Show less
There has been a global increase in prevalence of allergic diseases. This is particularly so in developed and in urban centres of developing countries. At the same time, in rural areas of... Show moreThere has been a global increase in prevalence of allergic diseases. This is particularly so in developed and in urban centres of developing countries. At the same time, in rural areas of developing countries helminth infections are still highly prevalent. The immune response against helminths and allergens is generally characterized by high levels of IgE and increased numbers of Th2 cells, eosinophils, and mast cells, yet the clinical outcome with respect to immediate hypersensitivity and inflammation is clearly not the same. High levels of IgE are seen to allergens during helminth infections; however, these IgE responses do not translate into allergy symptoms. The role of socio-economic status (SES) which can be intertwined with presence or absence of helminth infections, has been examined in relation to development of allergic disorders in several studies. This thesis summarizes the evidence of the association between helminth infections and allergic disorders. It discusses how helminth infection can lead to IgE cross-reactivity with allergens and how this IgE has poor biological activity. The studies presented in this thesis shed light on the relationship between helminth infection, SES and atopic disorders in a developing country (Indonesia) where large differences in life-style, environmental exposure and SES are seen. Show less
This book presents the results of a research about the Islamic courts of Cianjur in West Java, and Bulukumba in South Sulawesi and the role they play in local divorce practices. It addresses... Show moreThis book presents the results of a research about the Islamic courts of Cianjur in West Java, and Bulukumba in South Sulawesi and the role they play in local divorce practices. It addresses questions which not only enhance our understanding of how Islamic courts in Indonesia work, but also of how Islamic courts through their everyday adjudication processes have the potential to transform societal norms based in national family law, Islamic law and customary law. What is the history of the Islamic courts in both districts and what are its consequences for their position in the local community? What role do the Islamic courts play in protecting women’s divorce rights? How do they perform with regard to spousal support, child support and marital property and why? How do the Islamic courts treat women’s and men’s claims? How has Indonesian family law for Muslims developed and what is the role of the Islamic courts in this development? How are Islamic courts positioned in Indonesia’s nation-building project? This book attempts to provide answers to those questions by exploring the Islamic courts’ institutional history in both districts, the development of the substantive law they apply, and the socio-cultural and economic aspects of divorce. Show less
