Fernand Deligny (1913-1996), ‘poet and ethologist’, is mostly known for his work with autistic children and for his influence on the revolutions in French post-war psychiatry. Though neither... Show moreFernand Deligny (1913-1996), ‘poet and ethologist’, is mostly known for his work with autistic children and for his influence on the revolutions in French post-war psychiatry. Though neither director nor a theorist of the image, cinema is constantly called into his social, pedagogical, and clinical experimentations. More interested in the processes of making, he distinguishes ‘camering’ from filming, thus emphasizing not the finished film but a ‘film to come’. This volume provides Deligny’s essential corpus on cinema and the image. It shows both the role of cameras in many of his experimental ‘attempts’ with delinquents and autistic children and his highly speculative reflections on image. Show less
Biological molecules, especially the proteins, have a special and important function. We study their structure to understand their functions, and further make application, like the medical... Show moreBiological molecules, especially the proteins, have a special and important function. We study their structure to understand their functions, and further make application, like the medical research. The routine method is diffraction, but not work for molecules which cannot grow into crystal and molecules which their crystal are too small. Cryo-EM technique provides another way to solve their structures through their images, it does not need crystals. Meanwhile, electron diffraction can work small crystals (micro- and nano-crystals) after the sample preparation was improved. Hence, we try to build a method that can restore the structure from the crystal’s image. We collect images of protein nano-crystal, and these images were processed to enhance their contrast. The key step is to find the orientations of these images in the procedure of reconstruction, therefore, we create a method that calculates these orientations. Nano-crystals, which cannot be used in diffraction method, then can be used in this method. Show less
The main goal of this thesis was to develop methods for automated segmentation, registration and classification of the carotid artery vessel wall and plaque components using multi-sequence MR... Show moreThe main goal of this thesis was to develop methods for automated segmentation, registration and classification of the carotid artery vessel wall and plaque components using multi-sequence MR vessel wall images to assess atherosclerosis. First, a general introduction into atherosclerosis and different stages of the disease were described including the importance to differentiate between stable and vulnerable plaques. Several non-invasive imaging techniques were discussed and the advantages of multi-sequence MRI were highlighted. Different novel automated image segmentation and registration techniques for analysis of the MRI images have been developed. A 3D vessel model to automatically segment the vessel wall was presented. Automated image registration was applied to correct for patient movement during the acquisition of an MRI scan and between MRI scans. The last topic is the automatic classification of the different plaque components which can be present inside the vessel wall. All techniques were developed and validated using relevant patient data and reference standards. The work presented is an important contribution to the automated analysis of multi-sequence MR vessel wall imaging of the carotid artery. These techniques can speed up the current manual analysis and are potentially more accurate and more reproducible. Show less
The study addresses and explains the issue of negative descriptions of the Arab Other in modern Iranian thought. It attempts to understand and illustrate what the notion of the Arab means for... Show moreThe study addresses and explains the issue of negative descriptions of the Arab Other in modern Iranian thought. It attempts to understand and illustrate what the notion of the Arab means for Iranians and how Arabs are portrayed and by examining how they depicted, It describes why they depicted in modern time in such a way, linking this portrayal to a range of ideologies in modern Iran. In doing this research, the researcher has limited his analysis to a certain body of fiction and non-fiction texts. he has selected writings produced by prominent Iranian authors of a variety of ideological affiliations, including literary works such as short stories, novels, historical stories and works published in academic or semi-academic journals, as well as some works in the field of historiography, all of which were written in Persian by Iranian writers between the 1850s and the 1950s. In a broader sense, the study offers an analytical model for the understanding of the Iranian notions of Self and Other in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It investigates the ethnic and racial attitudes of a number of Iranian writers and thinkers toward Arabs, contributing to an understanding of the way in which the Iranian identity has been shaped in modern times. Show less
That art has some sort of relation to reality is an assumption underlying most of the past and the present discourse on and about art. The questions of what sort of relation, whether it is at all... Show moreThat art has some sort of relation to reality is an assumption underlying most of the past and the present discourse on and about art. The questions of what sort of relation, whether it is at all valid and specific (as opposed to science’s or philosophy’s relation to reality), however, are hardly ever addressed. In studying a relation between terms, one needs to be clear about the terms themselves: ‘Art’ is understood here in the sense of the notion that crystallized no earlier than the 18th century in Europe. That notion is, in its essential features, still valid today. ‘Reality’ tends to be understood as that what exists independently of us ‘out there’, but it can also be the inner world of feelings, perceptions and memories, which entirely depends on the individual. The former is best described by science whereas the latter is inaccessible for it. Then there is the reality of inter personal relations, like society, culture and language. The thesis examines art in relation to each of them, on the level of individual experience, on the level of social life, in historical perspective. Informed by all these different viewpoints it eventually addresses the question whether the making or the experiencing of art can lead to any knowledge.Concerning the illustrations 5, 9, 10, 11, 18, 19, 20, 21, 26, 27, 28, 34, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, and 49 of Chapter I, the illustrations 15, 17, 18, 19, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, and 31 of Chapter II, the illistrations 20, 21, 22, 23, 27, 28, 32, 33, 42, 45, 44, 45, 46 , 47, 48, 49, and 50 of Chapter III. the illustrations 4, 5, 8, 9, and11 of chapter IV, and the reproduction of a painting by Mondriaan on the cover the author does not own the copyright, Concerning this material the author has striven to ensure that in using the illustrations all legal rights have been taken into proper account. However, parties who believe they can claim legal rights are invited to apply to Leiden University, c/- Universiteitsbibiotheek, Afd. Acquisitie, Postbus 9501, 2300 RA Leiden, or to proefschrift@library.leidenuniv.nlMet betrekking tot de afbeeldingen 5, 9, 10, 11, 18, 19, 20, 21, 26, 27, 28, 34, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48 en 49 van het hoofdstuk (I.), de afbeeldingen 15, 17, 18, 19, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 en 31 van het hoofdstuk (II.), de afbeeldingen 20, 21, 22, 23, 27, 28, 32, 33, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 en 50 van het hoofdstuk (III.), de afbeeldingen 4, 5, 8, 9, 11 van het hoofdstuk (IV.), en de afbeelding van het Mondriaan schilderij op de cover bezit hij geen copyright. Met betrekking tot dit beeldmateriaal heeft de promovendus ernaar gestreefd de rechten van de illistraties volgens wettelijke bepalingen te regelen. Degenen die desondanks menen zekere rechten te kunnen doen gelden, kunnen zich wenden tot de Universiteit Leiden, p.a. Universiteitsbibliotheek, Afd. Acquisitie, Postbus 9501, 2300 RA Leiden, of bij proefschrift@library.leidenuniv.nl Show less
