Two types of financial incentives can help improve healthy lifestyles: carrots (a reward where one can gain something) and sticks (a deposit contract where one can lose something). In a deposit... Show moreTwo types of financial incentives can help improve healthy lifestyles: carrots (a reward where one can gain something) and sticks (a deposit contract where one can lose something). In a deposit contract, participants deposit own money and can lose or earn it back depending on lifestyle changes. We studied the potential of deposit contracts to stimulate a healthy lifestyle.A smartphone app was developed together with the Swiss university ETH Zurich to conduct experimental research into the effects of deposit contracts. In addition, we collaborated with the American company WayBetter to observe the effects of commercially available deposit contracts. Finally, the opinion of people with cardiovascular disease and healthcare professionals regarding financial incentives and deposit contracts for lifestyle change was investigated.The results show that deposit contracts can have strong effects on exercise behavior (daily step counts) in the short term. The results also show that voluntary participation in deposit contracts is limited, but can be increased by doubling the amount deposited and by allowing participants to determine the amount themselves. Finally, healthcare providers think it is a good idea to use financial incentives, but people with cardiovascular disease themselves are skeptical about the use of deposit contracts. Show less
The learning of software design is known to be a difficult and challenging task for students. This dissertation studies different didactic approaches for learning software design to improve the way... Show moreThe learning of software design is known to be a difficult and challenging task for students. This dissertation studies different didactic approaches for learning software design to improve the way we teach students software design. The research in the dissertation questions whether we can assess software design skills, what guidance is needed for the improvement of students’ understanding of software design and how to motivate and engage students for learning software design. The research explores the following: an instrument for measuring software design skills based on design principles, the gamification of learning software design, revealing students’ software design strategies, the use of peer-reflection for uncovering the difficulties students have during software design tasks, the use of teaching assistants as bridge between the lecturer and the students, the automation of grading software designs with machine learning, guiding feedback by a pedagogical agent and a workshop for engaging students into the process of software development. The research contributes to the future education of software design. Show less
