This paper examines mentorship as a mechanism for individuals to acquire and develop creativity. More specifically, we study the effect of mentor creativity on protégé creativity and how this... Show moreThis paper examines mentorship as a mechanism for individuals to acquire and develop creativity. More specifically, we study the effect of mentor creativity on protégé creativity and how this effect is moderated by the mentoring styles of autonomy and exploration. Our empirical analysis focuses on formal PhD supervision and training, drawing on survey and bibliometric data for 143 life-science professors (mentors) and their 685 PhD students (protégés). We find that the effect of mentor creativity on protégé creativity is insignificant during protégés’ PhD studies but becomes significantly positive after protégés hold faculty positions, suggesting that the mentorship effect takes time to manifest but is enduring. Furthermore, the effect of mentor creativity on protégé creativity is significant only when protégés have high levels of autonomy and exploration during PhD studies. This suggests the importance of autonomy and exploration in the effective transfer of creativity from mentors to protégés. Show less
Kamp, M.T. van de; Admiraal, W.F.; Coertjens, L.; Goossens, M.; Rijlaarsdam, G. 2021
This study examinesspecificexploration activities in students’ visual arts portfolios from secondary edu-cation. Creating original visual arts products requires exploration according to Getzels... Show moreThis study examinesspecificexploration activities in students’ visual arts portfolios from secondary edu-cation. Creating original visual arts products requires exploration according to Getzels and Csiksentmihalyi(The creative vision. A longitudinal study of problem finding in Art. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc.,1976). Obtaining insight about the contribution ofspecificexploration activities to the originality of artsproducts is important for designing and supporting learning in arts education. The aim of this study is toexamine the contribution of activities within three types of exploration:association,combination, andab-stractionto originality of visual arts designs. Data consist of 196 portfolio events showing exploration activi-ties and art designs, from 11 Grade 11 visual arts students. Portfolio events were coded for three differenttypes of exploration:association,combination, andabstraction, on a dimension of ascendingabstractness.Wecoded activities within each of these types, on a scale ofremoteness, to determine the metaphorical distance.Visual originality of each portfolio event was assessed using the comparative judgment method. Multilevelregression analyses showed all three types of exploration significantly contributed to originality of visualdesigns. In total, 31% of the variance in originality at portfolio events level was explained by these types ofexploration. In general, the moreremoteexploration activities were, the moreoriginalthe visual design.These findings are discussed related to the literature on creative processes. Show less
Exploring novel environments enhances learning in animals. Due to differing traditions, research into the effects of spatial novelty on learning in humans is scarce. Recent developments of... Show moreExploring novel environments enhances learning in animals. Due to differing traditions, research into the effects of spatial novelty on learning in humans is scarce. Recent developments of affordable and fMRI-compatible virtual reality (VR) and mobile EEG systems can help bridge the gap between the two literatures. One promising study showed that spatial novelty also promotes learning in humans. It still remains largely unknown, however, which aspect of novelty underlies the beneficial effect on memory, as novelty, expectations, and volition are often confounded in animal studies. In humans, these factors can be experimentally manipulated, but such studies are currently lacking. Future studies in humans could combine pharmacological interventions, neuroimaging and VR or use mobile EEG to help elucidate whether the plasticity enhancing mechanisms observed in animals, also exist in humans. When the aspects of exploring a novel environment underlying beneficial memory effects have been identified, effective novelty-exposure interventions could be designed to improve learning and counteract age-related memory decline. Show less
The studies described in this thesis address a range of topics related to arousal, exploration, temporal attention, and the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. Chapters 2 and 3 report... Show moreThe studies described in this thesis address a range of topics related to arousal, exploration, temporal attention, and the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. Chapters 2 and 3 report two studies that investigated a recent theory about the role of the LC-NE system in the regulation of the exploration-exploitation trade-off. Chapter 4 reports a study on neurocognitive function in patients with dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DβH) deficiency. Chapter 5 reports an fMRI study on the neural correlates of perceptual curiosity. Chapter 6 and 7 reported several experiments investigating the effects of ‘accessory stimuli’ and temporal certainty on information processing, using scalp electrophysiology and sequential-sampling models of decision making. Taken together, the studies reported in this thesis suggest that arousal, exploration and temporal attention are closely related, which is likely due to a shared neural basis. Show less
Today's embedded systems are designed for more complex and more computationally-intensive applications than they were a decade ago. Most if not every embedded system designed today is a sort of... Show moreToday's embedded systems are designed for more complex and more computationally-intensive applications than they were a decade ago. Most if not every embedded system designed today is a sort of parallel computing system - only called differently - a platform. A platform is essentially a heterogeneous system consisting of communicating processing units of different types and mostly distributed memory units. A platform can be anything: from multiprocessors comprising task-dedicated processors and a dedicated communication network, to a (semi-)programmable multiprocessor that can run parallel processes by means of both interleaving and overlapping. However, the specification, exploration and design of application multiprocessor system platforms from user requirements is still a painstaking process that takes too long and is too costly. Our answer to the above mentioned issues is the Archer approach. It embodies: Application representations (Symbolic Programs - SP), a platform-based library of the architecture components and their configurations (all-in-hardware, all-in-software, hybrid multiprocessor, with dedicated network, hared-bus, highway, burst-bus, or hybrid network), and a mapping methodology (managing the aforementioned representations while transforming application SPs to Archer architecture components), that we have been developing and experimenting with. Show less
