The work included in this thesis is aimed at developing novel tools to advance our understanding of prostate cancer. The clinical problem of prostate cancer is presented and discussed in the wider... Show moreThe work included in this thesis is aimed at developing novel tools to advance our understanding of prostate cancer. The clinical problem of prostate cancer is presented and discussed in the wider context of the current clinical knowledge, highlighting the genetic mechanisms at its base. A dedicated chapter focuses on bone metastases, highly morbid feature of advanced prostate cancer, discussing the known mechanisms and the available models to study it in translational research. Then, moving from the molecular analysis of clinical specimens of bone metastasis, a biochemical pathway is identified and further studied in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo, validating the initial findings. A novel, early-stage prostate cancer patient-derived xenograft is presented and extensively characterized and implemented in a drug screening. This allowed to screen the effect of over 70 known drugs on prostate cancer models, using three-dimensional cultures and a semi-automated platform. As all research builds on previously established findings, a bibliometric analysis tool is presented, to assist in the generation of a knowledge network arranged by topic and impact of research. All these aspects and findings are then discussed in the context of the current direction of prostate cancer research, its emerging tools and its long-known challenges. Show less
In this article we map and explain the sources of knowledge cited on 85 Brexit impact appraisals, 46 of which were formal impact assessments ordered and published by the European Parliament and 39... Show moreIn this article we map and explain the sources of knowledge cited on 85 Brexit impact appraisals, 46 of which were formal impact assessments ordered and published by the European Parliament and 39 ‘sectoral reports’ ordered by the UK Government and released by the House of Commons Exiting the EU Committee. All reports were published between the day after the UK referendum and the year after the start of the UK-EU negotiations. We conducted a citation analysis of 3537 references and tested author push and policy sector pull hypotheses with non-parametric tests. Our findings highlight the epistemic function of the professional referent groups to which authors belong. Authors tend to generate information and cite sources that are congruent with their ‘home group’ in the departmental unit where they work, or their larger professional group, even in urgent high-salient risk situations like Brexit. Differences between policy sectors do not strongly matter. Show less
We investigate publications in medical research that have gone unnoticed for a number of years after being published and then suddenly become cited to a significant degree. Such publications are... Show moreWe investigate publications in medical research that have gone unnoticed for a number of years after being published and then suddenly become cited to a significant degree. Such publications are called Sleeping Beauties (SBs). This study focuses on SBs that are cited in patents. We find that the increasing trend of the relative number of SBs comes to an end around 1998. However, still a constant fraction of publications becomes an SB. Many SBs become highly cited publications, they even belong to the top-10 to 20% most cited publications in their field. We measured the scaling of the number of SBs in relation to the sleeping period length, during-sleep citation-intensity, and with awakening citation-intensity. We determined the Grand Sleeping Beauty Equation for these medical SBs which shows that the probability of awakening after a period of deep sleep is becoming rapidly smaller for longer sleeping periods and that the probability for higher awakening intensities decreases extremely rapidly. The exponents of the scaling functions show a time-dependent behavior which suggests a decreasing occurrence of SBs with longer sleeping periods. We demonstrate that the fraction of SBs cited by patents before scientific awakening exponentially increases. This finding shows that the technological time lag is becoming shorter than the sleeping time. Inventor-author self-citations may result in shorter technological time lags, but this effect is small. Finally, we discuss characteristics of an SBs that became one of the highest cited medical papers ever. Show less
We applied a set of standard bibliometric indicators to monitor the scientificstate-of-arte of 500 universities worldwide and constructed a ranking on the basis of theseindicators (Leiden Ranking... Show moreWe applied a set of standard bibliometric indicators to monitor the scientificstate-of-arte of 500 universities worldwide and constructed a ranking on the basis of theseindicators (Leiden Ranking 2010). We find a dramatic and hitherto largely underestimatedlanguage effect in the bibliometric, citation-based measurements of research performancewhen comparing the ranking based on all Web of Science (WoS) covered publications andon only English WoS covered publications, particularly for Germany and France. Show less
