The Berlin Centre for Modern Oriental Studies (ZMO) was founded in 1996. ZMO is dedicated to the historical, social, and cultural study of the Middle East, South Asia, and Africa. Apart from... Show moreThe Berlin Centre for Modern Oriental Studies (ZMO) was founded in 1996. ZMO is dedicated to the historical, social, and cultural study of the Middle East, South Asia, and Africa. Apart from conducting its own research programmes the institute promotes the development of research networks o n national and international levels. Show less