Purpose To report uveitis' spectrum in a private practice cohort in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Methods Retrospective review at Instituto de la Vision (November 2011-October 2015).... Show morePurpose To report uveitis' spectrum in a private practice cohort in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Methods Retrospective review at Instituto de la Vision (November 2011-October 2015). Standard demographics, ethnicity and Native American aboriginal ancestry were recorded. Results Among 212 patients, median age 45 (6-97), 10% pediatric, 35% bilateral, 72% non-idiopathic, 36% infectious. Anterior uveitis presented in 50%, followed by posterior (32%), intermediate (9%) and panuveitis (8%). Frequent visits (>= 6 per year) needed by 29%: posterior, non-idiopathic disease with 79% systemic immunosuppression requirement was their main presentation. Native American aboriginal ancestry was reported by 22.64% of the whole cohort and 37% of frequent visits' subgroup. Conclusions Unilateral, non-idiopathic, non-infectious anterior uveitis was the most frequent presentation, in agreement with reports coming from western developed cities. The multi-racial Argentinian population with specific Native American aboriginal ancestry might contribute to certain forms of posterior uveitis and their response to treatment. Show less
Ng, X. le; Betzler, B.K.; Testi, I.; Ho, S.L.; Tien, M.; Ngo, W.K.; ... ; Agrawal, R. 2021
Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has galvanized the development of new vaccines at an unprecedented pace. Since the widespread implementation of vaccination campaigns, reports of ocular adverse... Show morePurpose The COVID-19 pandemic has galvanized the development of new vaccines at an unprecedented pace. Since the widespread implementation of vaccination campaigns, reports of ocular adverse effects after COVID-19 vaccinations have emerged. This review summarizes ocular adverse effects possibly associated with COVID-19 vaccination, and discusses their clinical characteristics and management. Methods Narrative Literature Review. Results Ocular adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccinations include facial nerve palsy, abducens nerve palsy, acute macular neuroretinopathy, central serous retinopathy, thrombosis, uveitis, multiple evanescent white dot syndrome, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease reactivation, and new-onset Graves' Disease. Studies in current literature are primarily retrospective case series or isolated case reports - these are inherently weak in establishing association or causality. Nevertheless, the described presentations resemble the reported ocular manifestations of the COVID-19 disease itself. Hence, we hypothesize that the human body's immune response to COVID-19 vaccinations may be involved in the pathogenesis of the ocular adverse effects post-COVID-19 vaccination. Conclusion Ophthalmologists and generalists should be aware of the possible, albeit rare, ocular adverse effects after COVID-19 vaccination. Show less
Smet, M.D. de; Haim-Langford, D.; Neumann, R.; Kramer, M.; Cunningham, E.; Deutsch, L.; Milman, Z. 2021
Purpose: To compare an analog visual scale in grading anterior chamber cells (ACC) to a modified Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) ACC scale. Method: A graphical representation of... Show morePurpose: To compare an analog visual scale in grading anterior chamber cells (ACC) to a modified Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) ACC scale. Method: A graphical representation of anterior chamber cells as a reference and a test set was created and shown to two groups of experienced uveitis experts. Group 1 was given the analog scale in written format, while group two was given the reference images for comparison. Each test subject was asked to provide the best approximation for each grade. Results: Eleven graders participated in phase 1. Correct grading occurred in 87.4% of cases. Discrepancies were seen at all grades. Only 3 of 11 graders were able to achieve a perfect score. Seven graders participated in phase 2. Agreement was 95.2% with 4/7 graders achieving a perfect score. Discrepancies were seen at higher grades only. Conclusions: ACC grading is improved by a visual grading scale, and interobserver variability is reduced. Show less
Zierhut, M.; Smet, M.D. de; Gupta, V.; Pavesio, C.; Nguyen, Q.D.; Chee, S.P.; ... ; Agrawal, R. 2020
This document summarizes the experience of the International Uveitis Study Group (IUSG), the Intraocular Inflammation Society (IOIS), and the Foster Ocular Inflammation Society (FOIS) and can aid... Show moreThis document summarizes the experience of the International Uveitis Study Group (IUSG), the Intraocular Inflammation Society (IOIS), and the Foster Ocular Inflammation Society (FOIS) and can aid as a guide for the treatment of uveitis patients in the era of COVID-19 pandemic. Show less
Sadhu, S.; Agrawal, R.; Pyare, R.; Pavesio, C.; Zierhut, M.; Khatri, A.; ... ; Biswas, J. 2020
After the outbreak of the disease COVID-19, it has reached pandemic proportions within a very short time. It is mainly transmitted human-to-human through direct contact with secretions from an... Show moreAfter the outbreak of the disease COVID-19, it has reached pandemic proportions within a very short time. It is mainly transmitted human-to-human through direct contact with secretions from an infected person or through inhalation of droplets containing SARS-CoV-2. It is controversial whether the virus may be transmitted via tears. Exposed ocular surface can serve as a gateway in transmission and acquiring respiratory diseases. Considering the reported cases on healthcare workers indicating nosocomial transmission and the anatomical and physiological aspects it is perceived that ophthalmic healthcare professionals are at higher risk of contracting the virus by virtue of their job. In this narrative review we discuss current evidence around detection of SARS-CoV-2 in human tears and forms of transmissions reported to date. We also provide a comprehensive approach that may be implemented in an ophthalmic care facility to protect healthcare personnel, as well as patients, from contracting the virus. Show less
