ScopeBody weight responds variably to the intake of dairy foods. Genetic variation may contribute to inter‐individual variability in associations between body weight and dairy consumption. Methods... Show moreScopeBody weight responds variably to the intake of dairy foods. Genetic variation may contribute to inter‐individual variability in associations between body weight and dairy consumption. Methods and resultsA genome‐wide interaction study to discover genetic variants that account for variation in BMI in the context of low‐fat, high‐fat and total dairy intake in cross‐sectional analysis was conducted. Data from nine discovery studies (up to 25 513 European descent individuals) were meta‐analyzed. Twenty‐six genetic variants reached the selected significance threshold (p‐interaction <10−7), and six independent variants (LINC01512‐rs7751666, PALM2/AKAP2‐rs914359, ACTA2‐rs1388, PPP1R12A‐rs7961195, LINC00333‐rs9635058, AC098847.1‐rs1791355) were evaluated meta‐analytically for replication of interaction in up to 17 675 individuals. Variant rs9635058 (128 kb 3’ of LINC00333) was replicated (p‐interaction = 0.004). In the discovery cohorts, rs9635058 interacted with dairy (p‐interaction = 7.36 × 10−8) such that each serving of low‐fat dairy was associated with 0.225 kg m−2 lower BMI per each additional copy of the effect allele (A). A second genetic variant (ACTA2‐rs1388) approached interaction replication significance for low‐fat dairy exposure. ConclusionBody weight responses to dairy intake may be modified by genotype, in that greater dairy intake may protect a genetic subgroup from higher body weight. Show less
Objective: To establish the prevalence of osteoporosis, vertebral fractures (VFs), and non-VFs in acromegaly patients with long-term controlled disease and factors potentially influencing fracture... Show moreObjective: To establish the prevalence of osteoporosis, vertebral fractures (VFs), and non-VFs in acromegaly patients with long-term controlled disease and factors potentially influencing fracture risk. Design: Case-control study. Patients and measurements: Eighty-nine patients (46% male, mean age: 58 years) were included. We studied VFs and non-VFs, bone mineral density (BMD), and markers of bone turnover. In 48 patients, BMD assessment was also obtained 7 years prior to the current study. To compare VF prevalence, data from a sample of the Dutch population (n=3469) were used. Results: VF prevalence was 59% (men 64% and women 54%), significantly increased when compared with controls (odds ratio up to 6.5), and independent of the duration of disease control, BMD, markers of bone turnover, and acromegalic disease characteristics. Mean number of VFs per patient was 3.4 +/- 0.3 (range 1-8). There was no relationship between the number and severity of fractures, parameters of bone turnover, and follow-up BMD measurements. BMD did not change during prolongation of follow-up by 7 years of controlled acromegaly. Conclusion: There is a very high prevalence of VFs in acromegaly patients with long-term controlled disease, independently of BMD. In view of the significant morbidity and mortality associated with VFs in general and the inability of BMD to predict fracture risk in acromegalic patients, we propose to include VF assessment, for example by lateral conventional radiographs of the spine in the screening of patients with acromegaly, both at diagnosis and during follow-up after establishment of disease control. Show less
Objective: To establish the prevalence of osteoporosis, vertebral, and non-vertebral fractures in acromegaly patients with long-term controlled disease and factors potentially influencing fracture... Show moreObjective: To establish the prevalence of osteoporosis, vertebral, and non-vertebral fractures in acromegaly patients with long-term controlled disease and factors potentially influencing fracture risk. Design: Case-control study Patients and measurements: Eighty-nine patients (46% male, mean age: 58 years) were included. We studied vertebral and non-vertebral fractures, bone mineral density (BMD), and markers of bone turnover. In 48 patients BMD assessment was also obtained 7 years prior to the current study. To compare vertebral fracture prevalence, data from a sample of the Dutch population (n=3469) was used. Results: Vertebral fracture prevalence was 59% (men 64%, women 54%), significantly increased when compared with controls (odds ratio up to 6.5), and independent of the duration of disease control, BMD, markers of bone turnover, and acromegalic disease characteristics. Mean number of vertebral fractures per patient was 3.4 ± 0.3 (range 1-8). There was no relationship between the number and severity of fractures, parameters of bone-turnover, and follow-up BMD measurements. BMD did not change during prolongation of follow-up by 7 years of controlled acromegaly. Conclusion: There is a very high prevalence of vertebral fractures in acromegaly patients with long-term controlled disease, independently of BMD. In view of the significant morbidity and mortality associated with vertebral fractures in general and the inability of BMD to predict fracture risk in acromegalic patients, we propose to include vertebral fracture assessment, for example by lateral conventional radiographs of the spine in the screening of patients with acromegaly, both at diagnosis and during follow-up after establishment of disease control. Show less
