Aim: This paper aims to better understand the relationship between homicide and other public health outcomes, by studying their trends over time.Subject and Methods: Research in both criminology... Show moreAim: This paper aims to better understand the relationship between homicide and other public health outcomes, by studying their trends over time.Subject and Methods: Research in both criminology and public health has long identified that crime and violence tend to cluster together with adverse phenomena in the social and the health domain. However, such work has relied primarily on cross-sectional analyses. Here, we instead study trends over time. We take data from the Netherlands, between 2000 and 2020, and ask whether homicide shows similar trends over time as other public health phenomena – such as smoking behaviour, alcohol use, child mortality, adolescent pregnancies and suicide.Results: We observe, first, that all of the phenomena – with the exception of suicide – declined over the period under study. We then employ a time series analysis to examine whether these trends arise independently, or whether they are the result of structural similarities between phenomena. Results showed that the decline in homicide rates is linked to a similar decline in adolescent pregnancies – the rates of these phenomena “move together” during the period under study.Conclusion: This work shows that the phenomenon of homicide shares structural similarities with teenage pregnancies – a decline in one is linked to a similar decline in the other. More generally, the current work furthers our understanding of the place of homicide in the domain of (public) health. Show less
In deze editie komen enkele oud-winnaars van de Willem Nagelprijs (Marc Schuilenburg, Marieke Liem, Lieven Pauwels en Tom Daems) aan het woord komen over een carrière voor en na het winnen van de... Show moreIn deze editie komen enkele oud-winnaars van de Willem Nagelprijs (Marc Schuilenburg, Marieke Liem, Lieven Pauwels en Tom Daems) aan het woord komen over een carrière voor en na het winnen van de Willem Nagelprijs. Show less
Illicit drugs continue to be a profitable area for criminal organizations operating within the EU. Drug use and drug markets can act as facilitators for all types of violence, which could... Show moreIllicit drugs continue to be a profitable area for criminal organizations operating within the EU. Drug use and drug markets can act as facilitators for all types of violence, which could ultimately lead to homicide. Yet, drug-related homicide (DRH) has not been monitored. The development of a drug-related homicide data collection is necessary to study this phenomenon. This report provides a first step towards a European-level DRH monitor. Show less
De afgelopen jaren is het aantal opleggingen van levenslange gevangenisstraf drastisch gestegen. Daarnaast heeft er een wijziging van het beleid rond de tenuitvoerlegging plaatsgevonden, waardoor... Show moreDe afgelopen jaren is het aantal opleggingen van levenslange gevangenisstraf drastisch gestegen. Daarnaast heeft er een wijziging van het beleid rond de tenuitvoerlegging plaatsgevonden, waardoor de levenslange straf veranderde van een straf die kon eindigen met een voorwaardelijke invrijheidstelling, in een straf die in beginsel daadwerkelijk levenslang zou moeten duren. Wetenschappelijke publicaties over levenslang in Nederland hebben zich tot nu toe vooral gericht op het juridische kader – waarbij het sociaalwetenschappelijk/gedragskundig kader onderbelicht is gebleven. Deze pilotstudie heeft als doel inzicht te vergroten in de detentiebeleving van (levens)langgestraften. Hiertoe zijn 7 levenslanggestraften en 7 langgestraften geïnterviewd, die verbleven in penitentiaire inrichtingen verspreid over Nederland. Met deze studie vragen we aandacht voor de uitzonderlijke gedragskundige problematiek onder een onderbelichte gevangenispopulatie. Show less
In recent decades, the number of long-term detainees held worldwide has increased significantly. Academics and policy makers have begun to challenge the widespread use and effectiveness of such... Show more In recent decades, the number of long-term detainees held worldwide has increased significantly. Academics and policy makers have begun to challenge the widespread use and effectiveness of such severe sentences, however. This article aims to shed light on the role of human rights in imposing and executing long-term custodial sentences. There appears to be tension between ensuring that human rights are respected and provision of security through the incapacitation of offenders. This tension can only be understood properly in the context of contemporary risk-management associated with increased punitiveness. Show less
Previous studies reveal an elevated suicide rate for anaesthesiologists. We sought to examine anaesthesiologist suicide mortality and its underlying explanatory factors. Two studies were conducted... Show morePrevious studies reveal an elevated suicide rate for anaesthesiologists. We sought to examine anaesthesiologist suicide mortality and its underlying explanatory factors. Two studies were conducted in order to establish the suicide mortality figures among Dutch anaesthesiologists and to investigate life events, workrelated stress, psychological problems and alcohol- and drug abuse in relation to suicidal ideation. The results suggest that suicide mortality in anaesthesiologists in The Netherlands is elevated, and comparable to that in other Western countries, but small numbers prevent robust testing of this difference. Anaesthesiologists are more likely than the general population to experience sleeping problems and suicidal ideation; male anaesthesiologists are more likely to suffer from depression. The prevalence of suicide among this population may be related to a high prevalence of psychological problems, in addition to the knowledge and availability of means. Areas of suicide prevention among this group are discussed. Show less
Ganpat, S.M.; Liem, M.C.A.; Leun, J.P. van der; Nieuwbeerta, P. 2014
Previous research suggests that social relations, in particular the forming of family ties and employment (social factors), self-efficacy (personal factors), and therapeutic interventions ... Show morePrevious research suggests that social relations, in particular the forming of family ties and employment (social factors), self-efficacy (personal factors), and therapeutic interventions (institutional factors) constitute main contributors in post-release success. These studies, however, have largely been based on general delinquents serving relatively short prison terms. This study aims to shed light on the influence of social, personal, and institutional factors on post-release successversusfailure among paroled lifers.We conducted in-depth life-history interviews with 64 individuals who had served a life sentence, who were either re-incarcerated for another crime or parole violation, or were currently out on parole. The role of social factors in desistance among long-term incarcerated offenders was minimal. Rather, self-efficacy appeared to be a key element in post-release success. These findings suggest that research based on short-term incarcerated offenders cannot be directly translated to long-term incarcerated offenders. This group does not experience the same traditional turning points, such as establishing family ties and employment. Accordingly, long-term prisoners may go through a different process post-release that determines their successversusfailure compared to general delinquents who serve shorter sentences. Show less
Previous research suggests that social relations, in particular the forming of family ties and employment (social factors), self-efficacy (personal factors), and therapeutic interventions ... Show morePrevious research suggests that social relations, in particular the forming of family ties and employment (social factors), self-efficacy (personal factors), and therapeutic interventions (institutional factors) constitute main contributors in post-release success. These studies, however, have largely been based on general delinquents serving relatively short prison terms. This study aims to shed light on the influence of social, personal, and institutional factors on post-release success versus failure among paroled lifers. We conducted in-depth life-history interviews with 64 individuals who had served a life sentence, who were either re-incarcerated for another crime or parole violation, or were currently out on parole. The role of social factors in desistance among long-term incarcerated offenders was minimal. Rather, self-efficacy appeared to be a key element in post-release success. These findings suggest that research based on short-term incarcerated offenders cannot be directly translated to long-term incarcerated offenders. This group does not experience the same traditional turning points, such as establishing family ties and employment. Accordingly, long-term prisoners may go through a different process post-release that determines their success versus failure compared to general delinquents who serve shorter sentences. Show less
Liem, M.C.A.; Levin, Jack; Holland, Curtis; Fox, James A. 2013
