In this study, we examine how the two facets of the fear of terrorism—the affectiveand behavioural fears—shift over time. To this end, we use a unique longitudinal dataset of a representative... Show moreIn this study, we examine how the two facets of the fear of terrorism—the affectiveand behavioural fears—shift over time. To this end, we use a unique longitudinal dataset of a representative sample of 755 Dutch respondents, recruited from theLongitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences panel, in the time periodbetween November 2017 and May 2020. We find that the reported affective fear ofterrorism is significantly lower during the COVID‐19 crisis in 2020 than it was in2017. Yet a divergent trend for behavioural fear of terrorism occurred. In spite ofdecreased affective fear of terrorism threats, respondents in 2020 reportedincreased protective and avoidance behaviours, similar to behaviours promoted tostop the spread of COVID‐19. Show less
A fuller understanding of drug-related violence requires good quality data. Having such data consistently up-to-date will provide benefit in policy-making and evaluation, as well as for operational... Show moreA fuller understanding of drug-related violence requires good quality data. Having such data consistently up-to-date will provide benefit in policy-making and evaluation, as well as for operational, monitoring and research purposes. For policy-makers, accurate data on drug-related violence will provide a fuller picture of the drugs trade and its societal impact — essential for planning and assessing policy responses, priority setting and resource allocation. Show less
It has been argued that the Internet presents numerous new opportunities for crime, including homicide. So far, empirical scholarly research in this domain is rather limited. In order to discover... Show moreIt has been argued that the Internet presents numerous new opportunities for crime, including homicide. So far, empirical scholarly research in this domain is rather limited. In order to discover how perpetrators have used the Internet in the homicides they have committed, we conducted an international newspaper search (2006–2017). Based on this analysis, we identify five distinct types of Internet use in homicides, namely Internet as an encyclopedia, Internet as a platform, Internet as a trigger, Internet as a market place, and Internet as a meeting place. Our findings indicate that these types do not significantly differ from key characteristics of homicides in general to the degree that they constitute unique forms of homicide. Rather, Internet-related homicides constitute a replication, or facilitation of already existing forms of homicide assisted through new technological means. Show less
Het is onduidelijk of en in hoeverre de aanslagen in nabijgelegen landen ook van invloed zijn op de risicobeleving van de Nederlandse bevolking Niet alleen aanslagen in buurlanden kunnen van... Show moreHet is onduidelijk of en in hoeverre de aanslagen in nabijgelegen landen ook van invloed zijn op de risicobeleving van de Nederlandse bevolking Niet alleen aanslagen in buurlanden kunnen van invloed zijn op de risicoperceptie in Nederland,1 maar ook het, door de overheid ingeschaalde, dreigingsniveau. De vraag rijst of en in hoeverre het relatief langdurig hoge dreigingsniveau (substantieel, niveau vier van vijf, sinds maart 2013) de risicoperceptie van de Nederlandse bevolking beïnvloedt. Show less
Weggemans, D.J.; Zwan, M.M.A. van der; Liem, M.C.A. 2018
The term “lone actor” has been applied to a variety of violent individuals, including jihadists, right-wing extremists, school shooters, and others whose crimes were ideologically motivated and... Show moreThe term “lone actor” has been applied to a variety of violent individuals, including jihadists, right-wing extremists, school shooters, and others whose crimes were ideologically motivated and generated much societal impact. It may be argued, however, that such a classification of this rare subset of violent offenders is an artificial one, based on political perspectives rather than on empirical findings. In this study, we examine and compare characteristics of European single perpetrators or lone actor terrorists to a large sample of European ‘common’ homicide offenders. Bivariate analysis shows that lone actors are significantly younger, more single, and more educated than homicide offenders. In terms of event characteristics, however, the two groups differ more substantially. Lone actors are more likely to attack ‘strangers’ in public places and to use firearms, while homicide offenders tend to attack victims they know in private settings and to use more hands-on methods. These differences may be understood through the notion of instrumental versus expressive motivations. Our findings question the classification of lone actors as an entity fundamentally different from our sample of single homicide offenders and call for future in-depth assessments of possible differences in homicidal drive. Show less
In deze editie komen enkele oud-winnaars van de Willem Nagelprijs (Marc Schuilenburg, Marieke Liem, Lieven Pauwels en Tom Daems) aan het woord komen over een carrière voor en na het winnen van de... Show moreIn deze editie komen enkele oud-winnaars van de Willem Nagelprijs (Marc Schuilenburg, Marieke Liem, Lieven Pauwels en Tom Daems) aan het woord komen over een carrière voor en na het winnen van de Willem Nagelprijs. Show less
Liem, M.C.A.; Buuren, G.M. van; Roy van Zuijdewijn, J.H. de; Schönberger, H.J.M.; Bakker, E. 2017
The term “Lone Actor” has been applied to a variety of violent individuals who are thought to act out of ideological motivations using terrorist tactics. So far, much of the research is U.S.-based.... Show moreThe term “Lone Actor” has been applied to a variety of violent individuals who are thought to act out of ideological motivations using terrorist tactics. So far, much of the research is U.S.-based. There is an empirical vacuum of Lone Actor violence in Europe and a conceptual gap in how these acts may be understood as a variation of homicidal behavior. We examine and compare characteristics of European Lone Actors to European “common” homicide offenders. Lone Actor terrorists constitute a heterogeneous group that is similar to homicide offenders but differs in terms of substance use, weapon use, and target. These findings may be understood in the context of instrumental versus expressive aims. Show less
Naar aanleiding van de inwerkingtreding van het Besluit Adviescollege levenslanggestraften per 1 maart 2017, een eerste stap in een procedure tot tussentijdse toetsing van de levenslange... Show moreNaar aanleiding van de inwerkingtreding van het Besluit Adviescollege levenslanggestraften per 1 maart 2017, een eerste stap in een procedure tot tussentijdse toetsing van de levenslange gevangenisstraf, wordt gekeken naar de Verenigde Staten. Daar wordt de mogelijkheid tot ‘parole’, een met de tussentijdse toetsing vergelijkbaar systeem, al lange tijd toegepast. In dit artikel wordt ingegaan op de vraag welke lessen geleerd kunnen worden van de praktijk van de zogenaamde ‘Parole Board hearings’. Om deze vraag te beantwoorden wordt ingegaan op de achtergrond en werking van parole en de wijze waarin parole in de praktijk tot uitvoer wordt gebracht. Daarbij wordt aandacht besteed aan de samenstelling van Parole Boards, de invloed van nabestaanden op de parolebeslissing, het moment waarop die beslissing wordt genomen en de wijze waarop re-integratie na parole vorm krijgt. Op basis van de valkuilen die in de Amerikaanse praktijk worden aangetroffen, worden aandachtspunten voor de Nederlandse procedure geformuleerd. Show less
