The AdS/CFT correspondence provides a unique way to study the vortex matter phases in superconductors. We solve the dynamical evolution of a superconductor in 2 thorn 1 dimensions at a finite... Show moreThe AdS/CFT correspondence provides a unique way to study the vortex matter phases in superconductors. We solve the dynamical evolution of a superconductor in 2 thorn 1 dimensions at a finite temperature subjected to a magnetic field quench in terms of a gravitational "hairy black hole" dual living in an asymptotic AdS 4 space. We exploit this to determine the nature of the equilibrium states realized at long times after the quench of this two dimensional type II superconductor in a perpendicular external uniform magnetic field B-0. This holographic superconductor exhibits the generic lower (B-c1 (T)) and upper (B-c2 (T)) critical fields. For B-0 < B-c1 (T) the magnetic field is completely expelled revealing the Meissner phase, while the superconductivity is destroyed when B-0 > B-c2 (T). Abrikosov lattices appear in the range B-c1(T) < B-0 < B-c2 (T) that realize various configurations in the form of hexagonal, square and slightly irregular square lattices pending the magnetic field strength and the influence of finite size boundaries. We show this to be consistent with the expectations of Ginzburg-Landau theory where the upper and lower critical fields are associated with the inverse squares of the coherence length and magnetic penetration depth, respectively. Show less
Kirisli, H.A.; Schaap, M.; Metz, C.T.; Dharampal, A.S.; Meijboom, W.B.; Papadopoulou, S.L.; ... ; Walsum, T. van 2013
Obesity is globally prevalent and highly heritable, but its underlying genetic factors remain largely elusive. To identify genetic loci for obesity susceptibility, we examined associations between... Show moreObesity is globally prevalent and highly heritable, but its underlying genetic factors remain largely elusive. To identify genetic loci for obesity susceptibility, we examined associations between body mass index and similar to 2.8 million SNPs in up to 123,865 individuals with targeted follow up of 42 SNPs in up to 125,931 additional individuals. We confirmed 14 known obesity susceptibility loci and identified 18 new loci associated with body mass index (P < 5 x 10(-8)), one of which includes a copy number variant near GPRC5B. Some loci (at MC4R, POMC, SH2B1 and BDNF) map near key hypothalamic regulators of energy balance, and one of these loci is near GIPR, an incretin receptor. Furthermore, genes in other newly associated loci may provide new insights into human body weight regulation. Show less
