Pipeline-parallel training has emerged as a popular method to train large Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), as it allows the use of the combined compute power and memory capacity of multiple Graphics... Show morePipeline-parallel training has emerged as a popular method to train large Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), as it allows the use of the combined compute power and memory capacity of multiple Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). However, with the sustaining increase in Deep Learning (DL) model sizes, pipeline parallelism provides only a partial solution to the memory bottleneck in large-scale DNN training. Careful partitioning of the DL model over the available GPUs based on memory usage is required to further alleviate the memory bottleneck and train larger DNNs. mCAP is such a memory-oriented partitioning approach for pipeline parallel systems, but it does not scale to models with many layers and very large hardware setups, as it requires extensive profiling and fails to efficiently navigate the partitioning space to find the most memory-friendly partitioning. In this work, we propose CAPSlog, a scalable memory-centric partitioning approach that can recommend model partitionings for larger and more heterogeneous DL models and for larger hardware setups than existing approaches. CAPSlog introduces a new profiling method and a new, much more scalable algorithm for recommending memory-efficient partitionings. CAPSlog reduces the profiling time by 67% compared to existing approaches, searches the partitioning space for the optimal solution orders of magnitude faster and can train significantly larger models. Show less
Dreuning, H.; Bal, H.E.; Nieuwpoort, R.V. van 2023
Deep Learning (DL) model sizes are increasing at a rapid pace, as larger models typically offer better statistical performance. Modern Large Language Models (LLMs) and image processing models... Show moreDeep Learning (DL) model sizes are increasing at a rapid pace, as larger models typically offer better statistical performance. Modern Large Language Models (LLMs) and image processing models contain billions of trainable parameters. Training such massive neural networks incurs significant memory requirements and financial cost. Hybrid-parallel training approaches have emerged that combine pipelining with data and tensor parallelism to facilitate the training of large DL models on distributed hardware setups. However, existing approaches to design a hybrid-parallel partitioning and parallelization plan for DL models focus on achieving high throughput and not on minimizing memory usage and financial cost. We introduce CAPTURE, a partitioning and parallelization approach for hybrid parallelism that minimizes peak memory usage. CAPTURE combines a profiling-based approach with statistical modeling to recommend a partitioning and parallelization plan that minimizes the peak memory usage across all the Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) in the hardware setup. Our results show a reduction in memory usage of up to 43.9% compared to partitioners in state-of-the-art hybridparallel training systems. The reduced memory footprint enables the training of larger DL models on the same hardware resources and training with larger batch sizes. CAPTURE can also train a given model on a smaller hardware setup than other approaches, reducing the financial cost of training massive DL models. Show less
Bal, H.E.; Epema, D.H.J.; Laat, C. de; Nieuwpoort, R. van; Romein, J.W.; Seinstra, F.J.; ... ; Wijshoff, H.A.G. 2016
