Archaeology has gone digital for some time now! Topics such as GIS databases, 3D models, drone photography, meta- and para-data, semantic mapping, text mining, simulation, and social network... Show moreArchaeology has gone digital for some time now! Topics such as GIS databases, 3D models, drone photography, meta- and para-data, semantic mapping, text mining, simulation, and social network analysis have become commonplace in archaeological discourse and practice. Digital and technological advancements seemingly offer limitless promises for data recording, analysis and dissemination. Yet, after several decades of innovation, we must ask ourselves which of these promises are actually fulfilled, and which persistent impasses are present. Today, some reflexive questions are more important than ever. In particular, when, how and why do our innovative archaeology tools fail? Do we approach our archaeological projects with a digital wand and (implicitly or explicitly) expect a magical solution? And when there is indeed a digital solution, at what expense does it come?In this volume, scholars and practitioners in the field discuss the state of the art, as well as the promises and impasses that digital approaches to archaeology entail. The authors discuss the current state of teaching digital archaeology, the societal impact of digital innovations, current issues in archaeological data management, promises and limitations of isotopic research and remote sensing techniques, and why subfields such as agent-based modelling and serious gaming struggle to keep momentum. Show less
Plundering and taking home precious objects from a defeated enemy was a widespread activity in the Greek and Hellenistic-Roman world. In this volume literary critics, historians and archaeologists... Show morePlundering and taking home precious objects from a defeated enemy was a widespread activity in the Greek and Hellenistic-Roman world. In this volume literary critics, historians and archaeologists join forces in investigating this phenomenon in terms of appropriation and cultural change. In-depth interpretations of famous ancient spoliations, like that of the Greeks after Plataea or the Romans after the capture of Jerusalem, reveal a fascinating paradox: while the material record shows an eager incorporation of new objects, the texts display abhorrence of the negative effects they were thought to bring along. As this volume demonstrates, both reactions testify to the crucial innovative impact objects from abroad may have. Show less
Who or what makes innovation spread? Ten case-studies from Greco-Roman Antiquity and the early modern period address human and non-human agency in innovation. Was Erasmus the ‘superspreader’ of the... Show moreWho or what makes innovation spread? Ten case-studies from Greco-Roman Antiquity and the early modern period address human and non-human agency in innovation. Was Erasmus the ‘superspreader’ of the use of New Ancient Greek? How did a special type of clamp contribute to architectural innovation in Delphi? What agents helped diffuse a new festival culture in the eastern parts of the Roman empire? How did a context of status competition between scholars and poets at the Ptolemaic court help deify a lock of hair? Examples from different societal domains illuminate different types of agency in historical innovation. Show less
The exhibition On the Spot: Panoramic Gaze on Istanbul, a History takes the allure and amazement of the 360-degree urban image as its starting point and moves on to historicize the power of this... Show moreThe exhibition On the Spot: Panoramic Gaze on Istanbul, a History takes the allure and amazement of the 360-degree urban image as its starting point and moves on to historicize the power of this panoramic effect. It thinks through different media and materialities, following the variations of Istanbul’s representations in massive displays in purpose-built London halls as well as in the dining halls of Bosporus mansions. It explores the divergent paths that panoramic images of Istanbul have taken since the early modern period and reconsiders the connections and contestations between different styles, techniques, media, viewpoints, audiences, and circulation strategies.The accompanying catalog follows the exhibition’s suite in its historical outlook on the panoramic medium and Istanbul’s place within it. After the introduction by the curators that lays out their perspective on the history of panoramas, seven articles by Erkki Huhtamo, Çiğdem Kafescioğlu, Hilal Uğurlu, M. Baha Tanman, Ahmet A. Ersoy, K. Mehmet Kentel, Namık Günay Erkal and Tarkan Okçuoğlu explore different facets of this history. Show less
The Republic of Turkey was founded a hundred years ago on 29 October 1923. Turkey holds a unique position between Europe and the Middle East. It continues to captivate international attention,... Show moreThe Republic of Turkey was founded a hundred years ago on 29 October 1923. Turkey holds a unique position between Europe and the Middle East. It continues to captivate international attention, evoking hopes and fears in the hearts and minds of contemporary observers. As a critical commemoration of its centenary, this book presents a mosaic of one hundred carefully curated fragments by expert authors, shedding light on politics, economy, society, culture, gender, and arts in a hundred years of Turkey. Each fragment offers a glimpse into a specific aspect of Turkey’s development, revealing the complexities of Turkey’s historical reality. Through exhibiting a diverse range of historical sources like laws, speeches, essays, letters, newspaper articles, poems, songs, memoirs, photos, posters, maps, and diagrams, each fragment brings the voices and images of Turkey’s past and present to readers. A Hundred Years of Republican Turkey: A History in a Hundred Fragments is an invaluable resource for researchers, educators, students, and anyone interested in Turkey’s fascinating history since 1923. Show less
This volume explores various approaches to study vernacular books and reading practices across Europe in the 15th-16th centuries. Through a shared focus on the material book as an interface between... Show moreThis volume explores various approaches to study vernacular books and reading practices across Europe in the 15th-16th centuries. Through a shared focus on the material book as an interface between producers and users, the contributors investigate how book producers conceived of their target audiences and how these vernacular books were designed and used. Three sections highlight connections between vernacularity and materiality from distinct perspectives: real and imagined readers, mobility of texts and images, and intermediality. The volume brings contributions on different regions, languages, and book types into dialogue.Contributors include Heather Bamford, Tillmann Taape, Stefan Matter, Suzan Folkerts, Karolina Mroziewicz, Martha W. Driver, Alexa Sand, Elisabeth de Bruijn, Katell Lavéant, Margriet Hoogvliet, and Walter S. Melion. Show less
This open access handbook takes a comparative and global approach to analyse the practice of slavery throughout history. To understand slavery - why it developed, and how it functioned in various... Show moreThis open access handbook takes a comparative and global approach to analyse the practice of slavery throughout history. To understand slavery - why it developed, and how it functioned in various societies – is to understand an important and widespread practice in world civilisations. With research traditionally being dominated by the Atlantic world, this collection aims to illuminate slavery that existed in not only the Americas but also ancient, medieval, North and sub-Saharan African, Near Eastern, and Asian societies. Connecting civilisations through migration, warfare, trade routes and economic expansion, the practice of slavery integrated countries and regions through power-based relationships, whilst simultaneously dividing societies by class, race, ethnicity and cultural group. Uncovering slavery as a globalising phenomenon, the authors highlight the slave-trading routes that crisscrossed Africa, helped integrate the Mediterranean world, connected Indian Ocean societies and fused the Atlantic world. Split into five parts, the handbook portrays the evolution of slavery from antiquity to the contemporary era and encourages readers to realise similarities and differences between various manifestations of slavery throughout history. Providing a truly global coverage of slavery, and including thematic injections within each chronological part, this handbook is a comprehensive and transnational resource for all researchers interested in slavery, the history of labour, and anthropology. Show less
Welcome to the Proceedings of the 12th Conference on Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization (EMO), held in Leiden, The Netherlands, March 20–24, 2023 in hybrid format.Why hold EMO conferences?...Show moreWelcome to the Proceedings of the 12th Conference on Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization (EMO), held in Leiden, The Netherlands, March 20–24, 2023 in hybrid format.Why hold EMO conferences? This question was discussed at EMO 2007 by its founders. The doubts regarding the viability of the conferences were fortunately cast away as the importance, need, and ubiquity of multi-criterion optimization keeps growing each year at a tremendous pace, impacting other areas and being influenced itself by them.For millennia optimization (improving things) has played a crucial role for humans. In more recent times, EMO (and optimization in general) has become important in sciencein areas such as physics, biology, economics, social sciences,medical sciences, and mathematics. For instance, Snell’s law was discovered by Willebrord Snellius through experimentation, only later it was realized that it can be derived from Fermat’s principle of least time, stating that light always chooses the path that is traveled in the least time.As such, the laws of nature can often be perceived as a process of optimization and optimal decision-making. Secondly, another use of optimization is the following. Many insights can be gained by looking at extremal objects (for instance, given 2n points in the plane no three of which lie on a line, n of them blue and n of them red, it is always possible to create n line segments by using the given points such that the endpoints have different colors and no two segments intersect – this can be understood by looking at the appropriate extremal object). Thirdly, methodologies and techniques developed in the EMO community have been empowering many practical scenarios: from finding the best taxation system, the best returns on investments while avoiding too high risks,discovering potent drug candidates with few side effects, to designing engineering structures that optimally balance the energy consumption and the environmental impact (e.g., minimizing the CO2 or CH4 emission).In the EMO conferences, we focus mainly on the evolutionary approaches to solving multi-criterion optimization and decision-making problems since the applicability of analytical/deterministic methods is often limited. For the scenarios where both categories of approaches are applicable, the hybridizations of analytical and evolutionary algorithms have appeared over the years, combining the strengths of both categories.Such hybridizations were also covered in the EMO conferences. In recent years, the EMOcommunity has been bridged with theMulti-Criterion Decision-Making (MCDM) community, which focuses more on the decision-making aspects of the same problem. According to the EMO tradition, also in this year’s event, many works are dedicated to designing and studying algorithms, ranging from novel algorithmic operators to thetheoretical analysis of existing ones. Notably, there are some contributions that connect EMO with Machine Learning/Artificial Intelligence, which draws more and more research interests nowadays. Also, appropriate attention – also as a tutorial – is paid tobenchmarking and empirical performance assessment, for instance, new benchmarking vi Preface problem sets. Furthermore, some submissions address real-world problems using EMO methodologies, which nicely complete the scope of the conference.Show less
Davids, C.A.; Hart, M.C. te; Heijden, M.P.C. van der; Lucassen, L.A.C.J.; Heerema van Voss, L.; Touwen, L.J. 2023
