High-Tc cuprate strange metals are characterized by a DC resistivity that scales linearly with T from the onset of superconductivity to the crystal melting temperature, characterized by a current... Show moreHigh-Tc cuprate strange metals are characterized by a DC resistivity that scales linearly with T from the onset of superconductivity to the crystal melting temperature, characterized by a current life time τℏ≃ℏ/(kBT), the “Planckian dissipation”. At the same time, the optical conductivity ceases to be of the Drude form at high temperatures, suggesting a change of the underlying dynamics that surprisingly leaves the T-linear DC resistivity unaffected. We use the AdS/CFT correspondence that describes strongly coupled, densely many-body entangled metallic states of matter to study the DC thermoelectrical transport properties and the optical conductivities of the local quantum critical Gubser-Rocha holographic strange metal in 2+1 dimensions in the presence of a lattice potential, a prime candidate to compare with experiment. We find that the electrical DC resistivity is linear in T at low temperatures for a large range of potential strengths and wave vectors, even as it transitions between different dissipative regimes. At weak lattice potential the optical conductivity evolves as a function of increasing temperature from a Drude form to a “bad metal” characterized by a mid-IR resonance without changing the DC transport, similar to that seen in cuprate strange metals. This mid-IR peak and notably its temperature evolution can be fully understood as a consequence of umklapp hydrodynamics: i.e., hydrodynamic perturbations are Bloch modes in the presence of a lattice. At strong lattice potential an “incoherent metal” is realized instead where momentum conservation no longer plays a role in the transport. We confirm that in this regime the thermal diffusivity appears to be insensitive to the breaking of translations and can be explained by Planckian dissipation originating in universal microscopic chaos. A similar behavior has been found for holographic metals with strong homogeneous momentum relaxation. The charge diffusivity does not submit to this chaos explanation, even though the continuing linear-in-T DC resistivity saturates to an apparent universal slope, numerically equal to a Planckian rate. Show less
Materials with an irreversible response to cyclic driving exhibit an evolving internal state which, in principle, encodes information on the driving history. Here we realize irreversible... Show moreMaterials with an irreversible response to cyclic driving exhibit an evolving internal state which, in principle, encodes information on the driving history. Here we realize irreversible metamaterials that count mechanical driving cycles and store the result into easily interpretable internal states. We extend these designs to aperiodic metamaterials that are sensitive to the order of different driving magnitudes, and realize “lock and key” metamaterials that only reach a specific state for a given target driving sequence. Our metamaterials are robust, scalable, and extendable, give insight into the transient memories of complex media, and open new routes towards smart sensing, soft robotics, and mechanical information processing. Show less
Mikulenko, O.; Cheipesh, Y.; Cheianov, V.; Boiarskyi, O. 2023
