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Junaid, A.O.; Tang, H.; Reeuwijk, A. van; Abouleila, Y.A.M.I.; Wuelfroth, P.; Duinen, V. van; ... ; Mashaghi Tabari, A. (2020)

Ebola Hemorrhagic Shock Syndrome-on-a-Chip

Article / Letter to editor
Ebola virus, for which we lack effective countermeasures, causes hemorrhagic fever in humans, with significant case fatality rates. Lack of experimental human models for Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a major obstacle that hinders the development of treatment strategies. Here, we model the Ebola hemorrhagic syndrome in a microvessel-on-a-chip system and demonstrate its applicability to drug studies. Luminal infusion of Ebola virus-like particles leads to albumin leakage from the engineered vessels. The process is mediated by the Rho/ROCK pathway and is associated with cytoskeleton remodeling. Infusion of Ebola glycoprotein (GP1,2) generates a similar phenotype, indicating the key role of GP1,2 in this process. Finally, we measured the potency of a recently developed experimental drug FX06 and a novel drug candidate, melatonin, in phenotypic rescue. Our study confirms the effects of FX06 and identifies melatonin as an effective, safe, inexpensive therapeutic...Show moreEbola virus, for which we lack effective countermeasures, causes hemorrhagic fever in humans, with significant case fatality rates. Lack of experimental human models for Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a major obstacle that hinders the development of treatment strategies. Here, we model the Ebola hemorrhagic syndrome in a microvessel-on-a-chip system and demonstrate its applicability to drug studies. Luminal infusion of Ebola virus-like particles leads to albumin leakage from the engineered vessels. The process is mediated by the Rho/ROCK pathway and is associated with cytoskeleton remodeling. Infusion of Ebola glycoprotein (GP1,2) generates a similar phenotype, indicating the key role of GP1,2 in this process. Finally, we measured the potency of a recently developed experimental drug FX06 and a novel drug candidate, melatonin, in phenotypic rescue. Our study confirms the effects of FX06 and identifies melatonin as an effective, safe, inexpensive therapeutic option that is worth investigating in animal models and human trials.Show less
All authors
Junaid, A.O.; Tang, H.; Reeuwijk, A. van; Abouleila, Y.A.M.I.; Wuelfroth, P.; Duinen, V. van; Stam, W.; Zonneveld, A.J. van; Hankemeier, T.; Mashaghi Tabari, A.
Date
2020-01-24
Journal
iScience
Volume
23
Issue
1
Pages
100765
DOI
doi:10.1016/j.isci.2019.100765