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Clinical consequences of endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoid excess
Hypercortisolism causes numerous and potentially severe complications, which are often underestimated and not well recognized in clinical practice. There are two main causes for hypercortisolism. Firstly, exogenous hypercortisolism through corticosteroid use, which is highly prevalent, since around 1% of the general population uses corticosteroids. Secondly, endogenous Cushing’s syndrome, which is rare, but the disease burden is considerable through increased morbidity and mortality risks. In this thesis, potential complications of exogenous hypercortisolism, and treatment and clinical outcomes of Cushing’s syndrome, are discussed. These studies on various aspects of hypercortisolism emphasize the importance of suppressing cortisol secretion to physiological ranges. Both hypercortisolism and adrenal insufficiency have enormous, and sometimes deleterious, impact on physical and psychological functioning. Treatment of hypercortisolism and adrenal...
Show moreHypercortisolism causes numerous and potentially severe complications, which are often underestimated and not well recognized in clinical practice. There are two main causes for hypercortisolism. Firstly, exogenous hypercortisolism through corticosteroid use, which is highly prevalent, since around 1% of the general population uses corticosteroids. Secondly, endogenous Cushing’s syndrome, which is rare, but the disease burden is considerable through increased morbidity and mortality risks. In this thesis, potential complications of exogenous hypercortisolism, and treatment and clinical outcomes of Cushing’s syndrome, are discussed. These studies on various aspects of hypercortisolism emphasize the importance of suppressing cortisol secretion to physiological ranges. Both hypercortisolism and adrenal insufficiency have enormous, and sometimes deleterious, impact on physical and psychological functioning. Treatment of hypercortisolism and adrenal insufficiency attempting to restore normal cortisol concentrations does not eliminate risk of adverse outcomes. Finally, increasing knowledge on the effects of endogenous Cushing’s syndrome and exogenous hypercortisolism is likely to improve patient care beyond the endocrinology department, as these conditions serve as a model for long-term exposure to stress, which is a highly prevalent condition. Insight into the potential consequences of long-term stress exposure, can aid all individuals exposed to long-term stress, including patients with chronic disease or long-term hospital admission.
Show less- All authors
- Broersen, L.H.A.
- Supervisor
- Pereira, A.M.; Dekkers, O.M.; Biermaz, N.R.
- Committee
- Meijer, O.C.; Blauw, G.J.; Drent, M.L.; Hermus, A.R.M.M.; Strasburger, C.J.
- Qualification
- Doctor (dr.)
- Awarding Institution
- Faculty of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) , Leiden University
- Date
- 2019-10-01
- ISBN (print)
- 9789492563569
Funding
- Sponsorship
- L.H.A. Broersen was supported by a grant of the Board of Directors of the Leiden University Medical Center. The work performed in Chapter 8 has been sponsored by the Leiden University Fund / Mulder Hamelers Fonds and by the Van Leersum Grant of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.