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Grouping and Read-Across Approaches for Risk Assessment of Nanomaterials
and hazard, and for nanomaterials, the variation of these properties results in a wide variety of
materials with potentially different risks. To limit the amount of testing for risk assessment,
the information gathering process for nanomaterials needs to be efficient. At the same time,
sufficient information to assess the safety of human health and the environment should be
available for each nanomaterial. Grouping and read-across approaches can be utilised to
meet these goals. This article presents different possible applications of grouping and
read-across for nanomaterials within the broader perspective of the MARINA Risk
Assessment Strategy (RAS), as developed in the EU FP7 project MARINA. Firstly,
nanomaterials can be grouped based on limited variation in physicochemical properties to
subsequently design an efficient testing strategy that...Show morePhysicochemical properties of chemicals affect their exposure, toxicokinetics/fate
and hazard, and for nanomaterials, the variation of these properties results in a wide variety of
materials with potentially different risks. To limit the amount of testing for risk assessment,
the information gathering process for nanomaterials needs to be efficient. At the same time,
sufficient information to assess the safety of human health and the environment should be
available for each nanomaterial. Grouping and read-across approaches can be utilised to
meet these goals. This article presents different possible applications of grouping and
read-across for nanomaterials within the broader perspective of the MARINA Risk
Assessment Strategy (RAS), as developed in the EU FP7 project MARINA. Firstly,
nanomaterials can be grouped based on limited variation in physicochemical properties to
subsequently design an efficient testing strategy that covers the entire group. Secondly,
knowledge about exposure, toxicokinetics/fate or hazard, for example via properties such
as dissolution rate, aspect ratio, chemical (non-)activity, can be used to organise similar
materials in generic groups to frame issues that need further attention, or potentially to
read-across. Thirdly, when data related to specific endpoints is required, read-across can be
considered, using data from a source material for the target nanomaterial. Read-across
could be based on a scientifically sound justification that exposure, distribution to the
target (fate/toxicokinetics) and hazard of the target material are similar to, or less than, the
source material. These grouping and read-across approaches pave the way for better use of
available information on nanomaterials and are flexible enough to allow future adaptations
related to scientific developments.Show less
- All authors
- Oomen, A.G.; Bleeker, E.A.J.; Bos, P.M.J.; Broekhuizen, F. van; Gottardo, S.; Groenewold, M.; Hristozov, D.; Hund-Rinke, K.; Irfan, M.A.; Marcomini, A.; Peijnenburg, W.J.G.M.; Rasmussen, K.; Sánchez Jiménez, A.; Scott-Fordsmand, J.J.; Tongeren, M. van; Wiench, K.; Wohlleben, W.; Landsiedel, R.
- Date
- 2015-10-26
- Volume
- 12
- Pages
- 13415 - 13434