Past imperfect continuous: remembering Serbia’s 1915 retreat one hundred years later

Tomić, A. (2021)

Doctoral Thesis

This dissertation examines how the Serbs as a nation deal with the past through the prism of the 1915 Serbian Army retreat across Montenegro and Albania in the wake of the invasion of Serbia in October 1915. We investigate the remembrance of this iconic event as a symptom of Serbian mythologized self-perception. The Retreat today is a canonised memory symbolising Serbian heroism and sacrifice. The First World War and the Retreat are experienced as specific and personal. Any attempted introduction of alternative views of the Serbian role in the First World War are rejected as hostile revisionism. The Serbian government has used the centenary commemorations to distract the Serbian public from the more recent unexamined past — Serbia’s role in the wars of the Yugoslav succession of the 1990s. This commemorative opportunism has been termed in the thesis as historical frame switching —framing current political events within arguably irrelevant historical contexts mostly in order to present an image of biased and unjust treatment of Serbs by the West. Further, politically loaded commemorations are analysed alongside grassroot events and ceremonies that memorialise the War and the Retreat. The latter are recognised as fictive kinships of remembrance, as previously characterised by Jay Winter.

• Serbia
• WWI
• Remembrance
• Memory
• Memorialisation
• Nationalism
• Identity
• Commemorations
• Past
• Former Yugoslavia

• All authors: Tomić, A.
• Supervisor: Schoenmaker, B.; Baar, M.K.
• Committee: Klinkert, W.; Tames, I.M.; Paul, H.J.; Dassen, P.G.C.; Pešalj, J.
• Qualification: Doctor (dr.)
• Awarding Institution: Institute for History, Faculty of Humanities, Leiden University
• Date: 2021-05-18