Leiden University Scholarly Publications

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Kruijt, A.W. (2014)

Depression vulnerability: Studying components of cognitive models

Doctoral Thesis
In this thesis four studies assessing putative pathways implicated in cognitive models of depression are presented and discussed. In two initial studies the possibility to manipulate attention allocation bias using two types of attention bias modification (ABM) procedures was explored. Neither method successfully or consistently modified attention allocation bias in dysphoric individuals. Putative interactions between 5-HTTLPR genotype and life stress were studied in the third study. Adopting an endophenotype approach, effects on measures of biased information processing were assessed. S-allele carriers showed increased recognition of negative mood state as a function of recent negative life events. Hypothesized interactions with childhood emotional abuse or affection attention allocation bias were found non-significant. A main effect of 5-HTTLPR was observed such that s- allele carriers selectively oriented attention towards negative information. In the fourth study the predictive...Show moreIn this thesis four studies assessing putative pathways implicated in cognitive models of depression are presented and discussed. In two initial studies the possibility to manipulate attention allocation bias using two types of attention bias modification (ABM) procedures was explored. Neither method successfully or consistently modified attention allocation bias in dysphoric individuals. Putative interactions between 5-HTTLPR genotype and life stress were studied in the third study. Adopting an endophenotype approach, effects on measures of biased information processing were assessed. S-allele carriers showed increased recognition of negative mood state as a function of recent negative life events. Hypothesized interactions with childhood emotional abuse or affection attention allocation bias were found non-significant. A main effect of 5-HTTLPR was observed such that s- allele carriers selectively oriented attention towards negative information. In the fourth study the predictive value of cognitive reactivity to sad mood (measured with the LEIDS-r questionnaire) for the first onset of depression was assessed. Among 834 never previously depressed participants, cognitive reactivity predicted first onset of depression over the subsequent two years, even when various other factors, including baseline symptoms and negative life events, were statistically controlled for. Finally, these findings are discussed and related to the existing literatureShow less
Depression
Cognitions
Attention bias modification
5-HTTLPR
Gene-environment interactions
Cognitive reactivity
All authors
Kruijt, A.W.
Supervisor
Does, A.J.W. van der
Co-supervisor
Putman, P.
Committee
Brosschot, J.; Fox, E.; Westenberg, P.M.
Qualification
Doctor (dr.)
Awarding Institution
Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University
Date
2014-09-10
Publisher
Ridderkerk: Ridderprint B.V.
ISBN (print)
9789053359044