Leiden University Scholarly Publications

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Becking, L.E. (2012)

Marine lakes of Indonesia

Doctoral Thesis
The objective of this thesis was to obtain insight into the processes that play a role in biodiversity patterns of tropical marine species by using marine lakes as a model. Marine lakes are landlocked water bodies that maintain a marine character through narrow submarine connections to the sea. Two regions in Indonesia were studied: Berau (East Kalimantan) and Raja Ampat (West Papua). The following questions were addressed: 1. What are the different types of marine lakes in Indonesia? 2. Are the species assemblages in marine lakes distinct from those in the adjacent coastal environments? 3. To what extent are the populations in the lakes isolated? 4. Can marine lakes in Indonesia be considered natural laboratories of evolution? There is a large diversity in types of marine lakes and many more remain to be documented in Indonesia. The spatial variation in sponge species composition in marine lakes, coastal mangroves and coral reefs show that marine lakes contain three groups of...Show moreThe objective of this thesis was to obtain insight into the processes that play a role in biodiversity patterns of tropical marine species by using marine lakes as a model. Marine lakes are landlocked water bodies that maintain a marine character through narrow submarine connections to the sea. Two regions in Indonesia were studied: Berau (East Kalimantan) and Raja Ampat (West Papua). The following questions were addressed: 1. What are the different types of marine lakes in Indonesia? 2. Are the species assemblages in marine lakes distinct from those in the adjacent coastal environments? 3. To what extent are the populations in the lakes isolated? 4. Can marine lakes in Indonesia be considered natural laboratories of evolution? There is a large diversity in types of marine lakes and many more remain to be documented in Indonesia. The spatial variation in sponge species composition in marine lakes, coastal mangroves and coral reefs show that marine lakes contain three groups of sponge species: (a) widespread species known from various locations in Indo-Pacific reefs, (b) lake species that only occur in lake systems, (c) endemic species restricted to a single lake. The patterns of genetic variation found in the marine lake populations are generally consistent with populations in isolated environments. The lakes appear to be both cradles and refuges of diversityShow less
Sponges
Molecular markers
Marine lakes
Island biogeography
Taxonomy
Species assemblages
Phylogeography
Indonesia
Anchialine
All authors
Becking, L.E.
Supervisor
Gittenberger, E.
Co-supervisor
Voogd, N.J. de
Qualification
Doctor (dr.)
Awarding Institution
Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Faculty of Science, Leiden University
Date
2012-12-04
ISBN (print)
9789462032132

Juridical information

Court
LEI Universiteit Leiden

Funding

Sponsorship
De Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO-ALW # 817.01.008) Naturalis Biodiversity Center National Geographic/Waitt Grant De Beukelaar – van der Hucht Stichting Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie Wetenschappen INNO/Wereld Natuur Fonds subsidie Conservation International & David and Lucile Packard Foundation Alida M. Buidendijk Fonds Jan Joost Ter Pelkwijk Fonds Leids Universiteits Fonds