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Rijsbergen, M.; Pagan, L.; Niemeyer-van der Kolk, T.; Rijneveld, R.; Hogendoorn, G.; Lemoine, C.; ... ; Rissmann, R. (2019)

Stereophotogrammetric three-dimensional photography is an accurate and precise planimetric method for the clinical visualization and quantification of human papilloma virus-induced skin lesions

Article / Letter to editor
Background The quantification of human papilloma virus (HPV)-induced skin lesions is essential for the clinical assessment of the course of disease and the response to treatment. However, clinical assessments that measure dimensions of lesions using a caliper do not provide complete insight into three-dimensional (3D) lesions, and its inter-rater variability is often poor. Objective The aim of this study was to validate a stereophotogrammetric 3D camera system for the quantification of HPV-induced lesions. Methods The camera system was validated for accuracy, precision and interoperator and inter-rater variability. Subsequently, 3D photographs were quantified and compared to caliper measurements for clinical validation by Bland-Altman modelling, based on data from 80 patients with cutaneous warts (CW), 24 with anogenital warts (AGW) patients and 12 with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the vulva (vulvar HSIL) with a total lesion count of 220 CW, 74 AGW and 31 vulvar...Show moreBackground The quantification of human papilloma virus (HPV)-induced skin lesions is essential for the clinical assessment of the course of disease and the response to treatment. However, clinical assessments that measure dimensions of lesions using a caliper do not provide complete insight into three-dimensional (3D) lesions, and its inter-rater variability is often poor. Objective The aim of this study was to validate a stereophotogrammetric 3D camera system for the quantification of HPV-induced lesions. Methods The camera system was validated for accuracy, precision and interoperator and inter-rater variability. Subsequently, 3D photographs were quantified and compared to caliper measurements for clinical validation by Bland-Altman modelling, based on data from 80 patients with cutaneous warts (CW), 24 with anogenital warts (AGW) patients and 12 with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the vulva (vulvar HSIL) with a total lesion count of 220 CW, 74 AGW and 31 vulvar HSIL. Results Technical validation showed excellent accuracy [coefficients of variation (CV) <= 0.68%] and reproducibility (CVs <= 2%), a good to excellent agreement between operators (CVs <= 8.7%) and a good to excellent agreement between different raters for all three lesion types (ICCs >= 0.86). When comparing 3D with caliper measurements, excellent biases were found for diameter of AGW (long diameter 5%), good biases were found for diameter of AGW (short diameter 10%) and height of CW (8%), and acceptable biases were found for the diameter of CW (11%) and vulvar HSIL (short diameter 14%, long diameter 16%). An unfavourable difference between these methods (bias 25%) was found for the assessment of height of AGWs. Conclusion Stereophotogrammetric 3D imaging is an accurate and reliable method for the clinical visualization and quantification of HPV-induced skin lesions.Show less
All authors
Rijsbergen, M.; Pagan, L.; Niemeyer-van der Kolk, T.; Rijneveld, R.; Hogendoorn, G.; Lemoine, C.; Miranda, Y.M.; Feiss, G.; Bavink, J.N.B.; Burggraaf, J.; Poelgeest, M.I.E. van; Rissmann, R.
Date
2019-08-01
Journal
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
Volume
33
Issue
8
Pages
1506 - 1512
DOI
doi:10.1111/jdv.15474