D-lightful sunshine disrupted: Vitamin D deficiency as a method for the reconstruction of changes in sociocultural practices due to industrialisation in 17th - 19th century Netherlands

Veselka, B. (2019)

Doctoral Thesis

Vitamin D deficiency is generally associated with the consequences of the Industrial Revolution, such as tall densely-packed buildings and air pollution blocking sunlight. Dermal synthesis of vitamin D under the influence of UVB radiation is important for a healthy skeleton and a deficiency may lead to pathological bowing of bones. The Netherlands did not experience the Industrial Revolution as many other European countries did and vitamin D deficiency was expected to be (nearly) absent in Dutch communities. To test this, six 17th - 19th century human skeletal collections from rural and small urban centres were analysed for vitamin D deficiency (N = 632 individuals). Regardless of geographic location, community size, daily activities, and socioeconomic status, all evaluated communities experienced vitamin D deficiency in childhood. Sociocultural practices, such as gender-related activities, as opposed to classic factors, are suggested to have been main etiological agents in the development of vitamin D deficiency. Application of newly developed methods for identification of this disease in teeth, showed vitamin D deficiency to be recurrent and often seasonal. This study stresses the importance of investigating vitamin D deficiency in every community to better understand the deteriorating effect that sociocultural practices may have had on health.

• Vitamin D deficiency
• Sociocultural practices
• Western Europe
• Bioarchaeology
• Interglobular dentine

• All authors: Veselka, B.
• Supervisor: Hoogland, M.L.P.; Waters-Rist, A.L.
• Committee: Kolen, J.C.A.; Brickley, M.; Jansen, M.E.R.G.N.; Maat, G.J.R.
• Qualification: Doctor (dr.)
• Awarding Institution: Department of Archaeological Sciences, Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University
• Date: 2019-01-29