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Harwood, C.E.M. (2018)

Navigating between principle and pragmatism : the roles and functions of atrocity-related United Nations Commissions of Inquiry in the international legal order

Doctoral Thesis
The United Nations has established at least thirty international commissions of inquiry to examine situations of mass atrocities. These bodies resemble legal processes in some ways, while remaining non-legal in others. This research explores UN atrocity inquiries’ turn to international law and their navigation of considerations of principle and pragmatism to discern their identity in the international legal order. The thesis traces the inquiry process from establishment and interpretation of the mandate to legal analysis, production of findings and recommendations. The research finds that the turn to international law fundamentally shapes the roles and functions of UN atrocity inquiries. Commissions seeking to promote accountability and the rule of law are linked to truth-seeking, giving a voice to victims, condemning violations, raising alert and provoking corrective action. Yet, commissions’ interpretations of their mandates, legal analysis, findings and recommendations reveal...Show moreThe United Nations has established at least thirty international commissions of inquiry to examine situations of mass atrocities. These bodies resemble legal processes in some ways, while remaining non-legal in others. This research explores UN atrocity inquiries’ turn to international law and their navigation of considerations of principle and pragmatism to discern their identity in the international legal order. The thesis traces the inquiry process from establishment and interpretation of the mandate to legal analysis, production of findings and recommendations. The research finds that the turn to international law fundamentally shapes the roles and functions of UN atrocity inquiries. Commissions seeking to promote accountability and the rule of law are linked to truth-seeking, giving a voice to victims, condemning violations, raising alert and provoking corrective action. Yet, commissions’ interpretations of their mandates, legal analysis, findings and recommendations reveal an awareness of their liminal position between international law and politics. Their informality renders commissions well-placed to propose innovative legal interpretations, draw attention to violations and catalyse follow-up, while space is retained for diplomatic approaches and discretion in implementing recommendations. In short, UN atrocity inquiries continuously navigate between realms of law and politics, with the equilibrium shifting in different moments and contexts.Show less
International commissions of inquiry
Fact finding
Accountability
United Nations
Juridification
All authors
Harwood, C.E.M.
Supervisor
Herik, L.J. van den; Stahn, C.
Committee
Blokker, N.M.; Clapham, A.; Heller, K.J.; Hosli, M.O.; Leijten, A.E.M.
Qualification
Doctor (dr.)
Awarding Institution
Grotius Centre for International Legal Studies, Faculty of Law, Leiden University
Date
2018-11-07
Publisher
S.l.: s.n.