Validation of a Dutch version of the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS-NL) and Its Short Form (DTS-SF-NL)

Abstract

Background: This study examined the psychometric properties of a Dutch translation of the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS-NL) and its short form (DTS-SF-NL). Method: The 15-item scale was translated using a forward-backward procedure and administered to 720 Dutch-speaking adults, together with the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and Big Five Inventory-2. After one month, 560 participants completed the DTS-NL again to assess test–retest reliability. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original four-factor structure (Appraisal, Tolerance, Absorption, Regulation) although a 14-item model showed improved fit due to weak loading of reverse-coded Item 6. The DTS-NL demonstrated excellent internal consistency, good test–retest reliability (ICC = .72), and convergent and discriminant validity. The 4-item short form replicated the English version and showed good internal consistency and temporal stability (ICC = .69). Conclusion: Overall, both the DTS-NL and its short form are valid, reliable tools suitable for clinical and research use in Dutch-speaking adult populations.