Sexual rehabilitation after treatment for gynaecological cancer

Abstract

In this thesis, quantitative and qualitative evidence was gathered in an attempt to improve and extend the current sexual health care of gynaecological cancer survivors. Although surgery has a major impact on sexual functioning, vaginal changes and symptoms have been shown to be more profound after intensive radiotherapy. Therefore, the studies in this thesis were especially focused on gynaecological cancer survivors who received radiotherapy, and mainly concerned cervical cancer patients; a relatively young patient population often treated with intensive external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in combination concurrent chemotherapy, and intrauterine and vaginal brachytherapy (BT), although the results are equally relevant to other gynaecological cancer patients treated with EBRT with or without BT.

In order to assess what type of patient education and/or support would be needed

to minimise the impact of gynaecological cancer treatment on sexual functioning, and to improve the survivors’ sexual recovery we followed several approaches: assessment of survivors’ experience with sexual distress after treatment, and unmet needs for psychosexual counselling and support; it was explored how survivors and professionals could best deal with treatment-induced vaginal changes; and, partly based on the previous findings, a sexual rehabilitation intervention was developed and evaluated in a pilot study.