Business intelligence systems for population health management: a scoping review

Abstract

Healthcare systems around the world are experiencing increased demands and staff shortages due to aging populations. To avert a crisis, an approach called Population Health Management (PHM) is being implemented. PHM targets interventions, such as dietary advice or exercise programs, to meet the needs of specific populations to prevent or manage diseases. Data plays a crucial role in tasks like identifying at-risk populations, targeting interventions and monitoring effectiveness. However, there has been a lack of comprehensive scientific research on how to design, develop, and implement the needed, often commercially developed, data solutions. To address this gap, a systematic review of the scientific literature was conducted. Eleven mature initiatives were identified and their goals and implementation were reviewed. The review of the scientific descriptions showed significant variation, missing information, and limited impact on staff shortages. To successfully implement PHM, a more strategic approach to data solutions is required. This involves specifying the role of data at each task, as well as detailing the necessary technological and organizational aspects. Given the commercial nature of many solutions, public-private partnerships are essential. Developing a framework to systematically and rapidly build knowledge is crucial to avert the impending crisis.