Inflammatory pseudotumor of the ulnar nerve mimicking a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: a radiologic puzzle

Abstract

Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of a peripheral nerve is a rare non-neoplastic tumefactive inflammatory condition, often mimicking malignancy. The etiology of this condition is still unknown. Clinically and radiologically, the lesion can mimic a malignant tumor. This case report represents, as far as we know, the first publication describing the ultra sonography findings and the results of advanced dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted MRI of IPTina peripheral nerve. Suspicion of this entity on imaging can speed up the definitive diagnosis and potentially avoid overly radical treatment.