Navigating the implications of AI in Indonesian education: tutors, governance, and ethical perspectives

Abstract

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has opened up new frontiers of technological possibilities, yet the traditional education system in Indonesia has largely remained entrenched in con- ventional practices. Despite Indonesia’s recognition for its vibrant AI innovation scene and its diverse student population, there is a signifi- cant gap in exploring the multifaceted implications of AI in, for, and by education within the country. This paper aims to address this gap by delving into three key areas: AI tutors, governance, and (virtue-based) ethical considerations. Drawing insights from both global and Islamic literature, we first examine the discourse surrounding AI tutors within Indonesia’s education system. Next, we discuss the potential applications of AI in governance, including the role of the government and the emer- gence of AI-related education in Indonesia. Thirdly, we contemplate an ethical framework encompassing issues of inequality, public policy, and Islamic-based principles. Throughout, this paper emphasizes the critical importance of examining these three facets of AI’s impact in education. Ultimately, this research raises the intriguing question of how education and AI will mutually shape each other in the future, urging further ex- ploration of this dynamic relationship.