Environmental assessment and guidance for the future offshore wind energy development
Abstract
This thesis aims to address offshore wind energy (OWE)-related environmental impacts. It includes the future material demand for the manufacturing of OWE turbines and foundations, the cradle-to-the-grave environmental impacts of global OWE development, the impacts on marine biodiversity, and other impacts on the environment.
Offshore wind turbines and foundationsRare earth elementsRecyclingCircular designProspective life cycle assessmentScenario analysisMarine ecosystemSeabed occupationArtificial reefsSpatial analysis

