Vaccination: intradermal administration, duration of protection, and compromised immunity

Abstract

1. In healthy young adults, pre-exposure immunisation against rabies can most likely be accomplished with only a single injection, irrespective of intramuscular or intradermal route.

2. Intradermal injection of a fractional dose of conjugated meningococcal vaccine is safe and likely elicits an antibody response comparable to intramuscular injection with a standard dose.

3. A single subcutaneous vaccination with yellow fever vaccine provides a duration of protection well in excess of 10 years.

4. Oral vaccination against cholera solicits an antibody response in most kidney transplant patients, but this response is clearly stratified by immunosuppressive regime.