The crested newt Triturus cristatus recolonized temperate Eurasia from an extra-Mediterranean glacial refugium

Wielstra, B.M.; Babik, W.; Arntzen, J.W.

doi:doi:10.1111/bij.12446

We assess the role of the Carpathians as an extra-Mediterranean glacial refugium for the crested newt Triturus cristatus. We combine a multilocus phylogeography (one mitochondrial protein-coding gene, three nuclear introns, and one major histocompatibility complex gene) with species distribution modelling (projected on current and Last Glacial Maximum climate layers). All genetic markers consistently show extensive genetic variation within and genetic depletion outside the Carpathians. The species distribution model suggests that most of the current range was unsuitable at the Last Glacial Maximum, but a small suitable area remained in the Carpathians. Triturus cristatus dramatically expanded its postglacial range, colonizing much of temperate Eurasia from a glacial refugium in the Carpathians. Within the Carpathians, T.cristatus persisted in multiple geographically discrete regions, providing further support for a Carpathian refugia within refugia' scenario.(c) 2015 The Linnean...Show moreWe assess the role of the Carpathians as an extra-Mediterranean glacial refugium for the crested newt Triturus cristatus. We combine a multilocus phylogeography (one mitochondrial protein-coding gene, three nuclear introns, and one major histocompatibility complex gene) with species distribution modelling (projected on current and Last Glacial Maximum climate layers). All genetic markers consistently show extensive genetic variation within and genetic depletion outside the Carpathians. The species distribution model suggests that most of the current range was unsuitable at the Last Glacial Maximum, but a small suitable area remained in the Carpathians. Triturus cristatus dramatically expanded its postglacial range, colonizing much of temperate Eurasia from a glacial refugium in the Carpathians. Within the Carpathians, T.cristatus persisted in multiple geographically discrete regions, providing further support for a Carpathian refugia within refugia' scenario.(c) 2015 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 114, 574-587.Show less

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The crested newt Triturus cristatus recolonized temperate Eurasia from an extra-Mediterranean glacial refugium