Alternatives for pain: approaches towards personalized pain management

Abstract

This thesis aims to describe certain novel approaches and pharmacological interventions in the treatment of acute and chronic pain. It demonstrates that the efficacy of the mu-opioid receptor agonist and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor tapentadol in the treatment of chronic pain is highest in specific patient phenotypes. This highlights the importance of patient phenotyping to get a detailed indication of the characteristics of the different aspects of the pain syndrome (such as involvement and activity of excitatory versus inhibitory pathways) without the need for knowledge on underlying mechanisms or related illnesses. Additionally, it demonstrates that treatment with the non-conventional treatment option cannabis shows potential but efficacy in the chosen patient population was limited. This thesis is also designated to treatment of acute pain with sublingual sufentanil and a non-opioid alternative option (ice-popsicle). Both show efficacy and seem possible alternatives as part of the multimodal therapy of acute pain.