Colorectal cancer vaccines in clinical trials

Abstract

This article elucidates current strategies of active immunotherapy for colorectal cancer patients with a focus on T-cell mediated immunotherapy. Poor prognosis of especially stage III and IV colorectal cancer patients emphasizes the need for advanced therapeutic intervention. Here, we refer to clinical trials using either tumor cell-derived vaccines or tumor antigen vaccines with a special interest on safety, induced immune responses, clinical benefit and efforts to improve the clinical impact of these vaccines in the context of colorectal cancer treatment.

cancer colon colorectal immune monitoring immunotherapy therapeutic vaccine active specific immunotherapy t-cell responses human carcinoembryonic antigen frameshift-induced neopeptides p53-specific immune-responses resistant prostate-cancer hnpcc mutation carriers loaded dendritic cells long peptide vaccine human tumor-antigens